Hard/Critical Technology/Quantum Technologies

Quantum Communication

The capacity to communicate with quantum states, quantum key distribution, quantum networks and the path toward quantum-secure links at national scale.
factbase.org/cap/8M8XMR9X07
World mean
2.4
of 20 · median 0.0
Range
0–20
middle half 0.0–3.0
Panel SD
±0.27
round 1 ±0.71 — the honest estimate
Leader
20
China

Indicators

The measures seeded for this capability in the framework. They are candidate indicators: no cell in the index has a source document attached to it yet.

Band spread across 197 nations

Frontier 2
Advanced 8
Established 5
Transitional 6
Foundational 8
Nascent 21
Inception 147

All 197 nations

Best first. The score is the mean of the four adjudicators' round-3 integers, rounded to the nearest integer; ±SD is their spread on that cell. Where the spread is three points or more, read the number as a band rather than a value.

#NationRegionScoreBandPanel SD
1 🇨🇳China Asia Pacific 20 Frontier ±0.43
2 🇺🇸United States Americas 18 Frontier ±0.50
3 🇯🇵Japan Asia Pacific 17 Advanced ±0.50
4 🇳🇱Netherlands Europe 17 Advanced ±0.50
5 🇨🇭Switzerland Europe 17 Advanced ±0.83
6 🇫🇷France Europe 16 Advanced ±0.00
7 🇩🇪Germany Europe 16 Advanced ±0.50
8 🇬🇧United Kingdom Europe 16 Advanced ±0.00
9 🇸🇬Singapore Asia Pacific 15 Advanced ±0.43
10 🇰🇷South Korea Asia Pacific 15 Advanced ±0.00
11 🇦🇹Austria Europe 14 Established ±2.06
12 🇨🇦Canada Americas 14 Established ±0.43
13 🇦🇺Australia Asia Pacific 12 Established ±0.50
14 🇮🇹Italy Europe 12 Established ±0.00
15 🇪🇸Spain Europe 12 Established ±0.50
16 🇮🇳India Asia Pacific 11 Transitional ±0.83
17 🇮🇱Israel Middle East 11 Transitional ±0.83
18 🇷🇺Russia Europe 11 Transitional ±0.83
19 🇧🇪Belgium Europe 10 Transitional ±0.87
20 🇫🇮Finland Europe 10 Transitional ±0.71
21 🇸🇪Sweden Europe 10 Transitional ±0.50
22 🇩🇰Denmark Europe 8 Foundational ±0.43
23 🇹🇼Taiwan Asia Pacific 7 Foundational ±0.43
24 🇧🇷Brazil Americas 6 Foundational ±0.50
25 🇨🇿Czechia Europe 6 Foundational ±0.83
26 🇳🇴Norway Europe 6 Foundational ±0.71
27 🇵🇱Poland Europe 6 Foundational ±1.09
28 🇹🇷Türkiye Middle East 6 Foundational ±0.43
29 🇦🇪United Arab Emirates Middle East 6 Foundational ±0.50
30 🇪🇪Estonia Europe 5 Nascent ±0.43
31 🇬🇷Greece Europe 5 Nascent ±0.50
32 🇭🇺Hungary Europe 5 Nascent ±0.43
33 🇮🇪Ireland Europe 5 Nascent ±0.00
34 🇱🇺Luxembourg Europe 5 Nascent ±0.87
35 🇳🇿New Zealand Asia Pacific 5 Nascent ±0.50
36 🇵🇹Portugal Europe 5 Nascent ±0.71
37 🇿🇦South Africa Africa 5 Nascent ±0.71
38 🇮🇷Iran Asia Pacific 4 Nascent ±0.43
39 🇱🇻Latvia Europe 4 Nascent ±0.50
40 🇲🇾Malaysia Asia Pacific 4 Nascent ±0.71
41 🇸🇦Saudi Arabia Middle East 4 Nascent ±0.43
42 🇦🇷Argentina Americas 3 Nascent ±0.43
43 🇧🇬Bulgaria Europe 3 Nascent ±0.43
44 🇱🇹Lithuania Europe 3 Nascent ±0.43
45 🇲🇽Mexico Americas 3 Nascent ±0.71
46 🇷🇴Romania Europe 3 Nascent ±0.71
47 🇸🇰Slovakia Europe 3 Nascent ±0.43
48 🇸🇮Slovenia Europe 3 Nascent ±0.43
49 🇹🇭Thailand Asia Pacific 3 Nascent ±0.43
50 🇻🇳Vietnam Asia Pacific 3 Nascent ±0.71
51 🇨🇱Chile Americas 2 Inception ±0.43
52 🇨🇴Colombia Americas 2 Inception ±0.50
53 🇭🇷Croatia Europe 2 Inception ±0.00
54 🇨🇾Cyprus Middle East 2 Inception ±0.50
55 🇪🇬Egypt Africa 2 Inception ±0.43
56 🇮🇩Indonesia Asia Pacific 2 Inception ±0.71
57 🇰🇿Kazakhstan Asia Pacific 2 Inception ±0.43
58 🇲🇹Malta Europe 2 Inception ±0.00
59 🇵🇰Pakistan Asia Pacific 2 Inception ±0.71
60 🇶🇦Qatar Middle East 2 Inception ±0.43
61 🇷🇸Serbia Europe 2 Inception ±0.00
62 🇺🇦Ukraine Europe 2 Inception ±0.71
63 🇩🇿Algeria Africa 1 Inception ±0.43
64 🇦🇲Armenia Middle East 1 Inception ±0.50
65 🇦🇿Azerbaijan Middle East 1 Inception ±0.50
66 🇧🇭Bahrain Middle East 1 Inception ±0.50
67 🇧🇩Bangladesh Asia Pacific 1 Inception ±0.50
68 🇧🇾Belarus Europe 1 Inception ±0.43
69 🇨🇷Costa Rica Americas 1 Inception ±0.50
70 🇨🇺Cuba Americas 1 Inception ±0.50
71 🇪🇹Ethiopia Africa 1 Inception ±0.50
72 🇬🇪Georgia Middle East 1 Inception ±0.50
73 🇬🇭Ghana Africa 1 Inception ±0.50
74 🇮🇸Iceland Europe 1 Inception ±0.50
75 🇯🇴Jordan Middle East 1 Inception ±0.50
76 🇰🇪Kenya Africa 1 Inception ±1.00
77 🇰🇼Kuwait Middle East 1 Inception ±0.50
78 🇲🇺Mauritius Africa 1 Inception ±0.50
79 🇲🇩Moldova Europe 1 Inception ±0.50
80 🇲🇪Montenegro Europe 1 Inception ±0.50
81 🇲🇦Morocco Africa 1 Inception ±0.83
82 🇳🇬Nigeria Africa 1 Inception ±0.71
83 🇰🇵North Korea Asia Pacific 1 Inception ±0.43
84 🇲🇰North Macedonia Europe 1 Inception ±0.50
85 🇴🇲Oman Middle East 1 Inception ±0.50
86 🇵🇪Peru Americas 1 Inception ±0.43
87 🇵🇭Philippines Asia Pacific 1 Inception ±0.43
88 🇷🇼Rwanda Africa 1 Inception ±0.50
89 🇱🇰Sri Lanka Asia Pacific 1 Inception ±0.43
90 🇹🇳Tunisia Africa 1 Inception ±0.43
91 🇺🇾Uruguay Americas 1 Inception ±0.50
92 🇻🇪Venezuela Americas 1 Inception ±0.50
93 🇦🇫Afghanistan Asia Pacific 0 Inception ±0.00
94 🇦🇱Albania Europe 0 Inception ±0.00
95 🇦🇩Andorra Europe 0 Inception ±0.00
96 🇦🇴Angola Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
97 🇦🇬Antigua & Barbuda Americas 0 Inception ±0.00
98 🇧🇸Bahamas Americas 0 Inception ±0.00
99 🇧🇧Barbados Americas 0 Inception ±0.00
100 🇧🇿Belize Americas 0 Inception ±0.00
101 🇧🇯Benin Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
102 🇧🇹Bhutan Asia Pacific 0 Inception ±0.00
103 🇧🇴Bolivia Americas 0 Inception ±0.00
104 🇧🇦Bosnia & Herzegovina Europe 0 Inception ±0.43
105 🇧🇼Botswana Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
106 🇧🇳Brunei Asia Pacific 0 Inception ±0.00
107 🇧🇫Burkina Faso Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
108 🇧🇮Burundi Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
109 🇨🇻Cabo Verde Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
110 🇰🇭Cambodia Asia Pacific 0 Inception ±0.00
111 🇨🇲Cameroon Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
112 🇨🇫Central African Rep. Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
113 🇹🇩Chad Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
114 🇰🇲Comoros Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
115 🇨🇬Congo Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
116 🇨🇮Côte d'Ivoire Africa 0 Inception ±0.43
117 🇩🇯Djibouti Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
118 🇩🇲Dominica Americas 0 Inception ±0.00
119 🇩🇴Dominican Republic Americas 0 Inception ±0.43
120 🇨🇩DR Congo Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
121 🇪🇨Ecuador Americas 0 Inception ±0.43
122 🇸🇻El Salvador Americas 0 Inception ±0.43
123 🇬🇶Equatorial Guinea Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
124 🇪🇷Eritrea Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
125 🇸🇿Eswatini Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
126 🇫🇯Fiji Asia Pacific 0 Inception ±0.00
127 🇬🇦Gabon Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
128 🇬🇲Gambia Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
129 🇬🇩Grenada Americas 0 Inception ±0.00
130 🇬🇹Guatemala Americas 0 Inception ±0.43
131 🇬🇳Guinea Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
132 🇬🇼Guinea-Bissau Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
133 🇬🇾Guyana Americas 0 Inception ±0.00
134 🇭🇹Haiti Americas 0 Inception ±0.00
135 🇻🇦Holy See Europe 0 Inception ±0.00
136 🇭🇳Honduras Americas 0 Inception ±0.43
137 🇮🇶Iraq Middle East 0 Inception ±0.00
138 🇯🇲Jamaica Americas 0 Inception ±0.00
139 🇰🇮Kiribati Asia Pacific 0 Inception ±0.00
140 🇽🇰Kosovo Europe 0 Inception ±0.00
141 🇰🇬Kyrgyzstan Asia Pacific 0 Inception ±0.00
142 🇱🇦Laos Asia Pacific 0 Inception ±0.00
143 🇱🇧Lebanon Middle East 0 Inception ±0.43
144 🇱🇸Lesotho Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
145 🇱🇷Liberia Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
146 🇱🇾Libya Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
147 🇱🇮Liechtenstein Europe 0 Inception ±0.00
148 🇲🇬Madagascar Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
149 🇲🇼Malawi Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
150 🇲🇻Maldives Asia Pacific 0 Inception ±0.00
151 🇲🇱Mali Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
152 🇲🇭Marshall Islands Asia Pacific 0 Inception ±0.00
153 🇲🇷Mauritania Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
154 🇫🇲Micronesia Asia Pacific 0 Inception ±0.00
155 🇲🇨Monaco Europe 0 Inception ±0.00
156 🇲🇳Mongolia Asia Pacific 0 Inception ±0.00
157 🇲🇿Mozambique Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
158 🇲🇲Myanmar Asia Pacific 0 Inception ±0.00
159 🇳🇦Namibia Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
160 🇳🇷Nauru Asia Pacific 0 Inception ±0.00
161 🇳🇵Nepal Asia Pacific 0 Inception ±0.43
162 🇳🇮Nicaragua Americas 0 Inception ±0.00
163 🇳🇪Niger Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
164 🇵🇼Palau Asia Pacific 0 Inception ±0.00
165 🇵🇸Palestine Middle East 0 Inception ±0.00
166 🇵🇦Panama Americas 0 Inception ±0.43
167 🇵🇬Papua New Guinea Asia Pacific 0 Inception ±0.00
168 🇵🇾Paraguay Americas 0 Inception ±0.00
169 🇰🇳Saint Kitts & Nevis Americas 0 Inception ±0.00
170 🇱🇨Saint Lucia Americas 0 Inception ±0.00
171 🇻🇨Saint Vincent & Grenadines Americas 0 Inception ±0.00
172 🇼🇸Samoa Asia Pacific 0 Inception ±0.00
173 🇸🇲San Marino Europe 0 Inception ±0.00
174 🇸🇹São Tomé & Príncipe Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
175 🇸🇳Senegal Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
176 🇸🇨Seychelles Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
177 🇸🇱Sierra Leone Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
178 🇸🇧Solomon Islands Asia Pacific 0 Inception ±0.00
179 🇸🇴Somalia Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
180 🇸🇸South Sudan Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
181 🇸🇩Sudan Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
182 🇸🇷Suriname Americas 0 Inception ±0.00
183 🇸🇾Syria Middle East 0 Inception ±0.00
184 🇹🇯Tajikistan Asia Pacific 0 Inception ±0.00
185 🇹🇿Tanzania Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
186 🇹🇱Timor-Leste Asia Pacific 0 Inception ±0.00
187 🇹🇬Togo Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
188 🇹🇴Tonga Asia Pacific 0 Inception ±0.00
189 🇹🇹Trinidad & Tobago Americas 0 Inception ±0.00
190 🇹🇲Turkmenistan Asia Pacific 0 Inception ±0.00
191 🇹🇻Tuvalu Asia Pacific 0 Inception ±0.00
192 🇺🇬Uganda Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
193 🇺🇿Uzbekistan Asia Pacific 0 Inception ±0.43
194 🇻🇺Vanuatu Asia Pacific 0 Inception ±0.00
195 🇾🇪Yemen Middle East 0 Inception ±0.00
196 🇿🇲Zambia Africa 0 Inception ±0.00
197 🇿🇼Zimbabwe Africa 0 Inception ±0.00

Others in Quantum Technologies

CapabilityWorld meanRangeLeader
Quantum Computing2.50–20United States
Quantum Sensing & Metrology2.60–20United States
Post-Quantum Cryptography3.20–20United States