Official Reserves Management — National Capability Index

Indicators

The measures seeded for this capability in the framework. They are candidate indicators: no cell in the index has a source document attached to it yet.

official reserve assets
reserves in months of imports
reserve composition disclosure

Band spread across 197 nations

Frontier 5

Advanced 25

Established 32

Transitional 27

Foundational 51

Nascent 45

Inception 12

All 197 nations

Best first. The score is the mean of the four adjudicators' round-3 integers, rounded to the nearest integer; ±SD is their spread on that cell. Where the spread is three points or more, read the number as a band rather than a value.

#	Nation	Region	Score	Band	Panel SD
1	🇸🇬Singapore	Asia Pacific	20	Frontier	±0.50
2	🇯🇵Japan	Asia Pacific	18	Frontier	±0.00
3	🇳🇴Norway	Europe	18	Frontier	±1.23
4	🇨🇭Switzerland	Europe	18	Frontier	±0.43
5	🇺🇸United States	Americas	18	Frontier	±0.50
6	🇨🇳China	Asia Pacific	17	Advanced	±0.43
7	🇫🇷France	Europe	17	Advanced	±0.43
8	🇩🇪Germany	Europe	17	Advanced	±0.00
9	🇰🇷South Korea	Asia Pacific	17	Advanced	±0.00
10	🇹🇼Taiwan	Asia Pacific	17	Advanced	±0.00
11	🇦🇺Australia	Asia Pacific	16	Advanced	±0.43
12	🇨🇦Canada	Americas	16	Advanced	±0.43
13	🇩🇰Denmark	Europe	16	Advanced	±0.43
14	🇳🇱Netherlands	Europe	16	Advanced	±0.00
15	🇶🇦Qatar	Middle East	16	Advanced	±0.00
16	🇸🇦Saudi Arabia	Middle East	16	Advanced	±0.00
17	🇸🇪Sweden	Europe	16	Advanced	±0.43
18	🇦🇪United Arab Emirates	Middle East	16	Advanced	±0.00
19	🇬🇧United Kingdom	Europe	16	Advanced	±0.00
20	🇦🇹Austria	Europe	15	Advanced	±0.50
21	🇧🇪Belgium	Europe	15	Advanced	±0.50
22	🇨🇱Chile	Americas	15	Advanced	±0.50
23	🇫🇮Finland	Europe	15	Advanced	±0.43
24	🇮🇳India	Asia Pacific	15	Advanced	±0.00
25	🇮🇱Israel	Middle East	15	Advanced	±0.00
26	🇰🇼Kuwait	Middle East	15	Advanced	±0.43
27	🇲🇾Malaysia	Asia Pacific	15	Advanced	±0.50
28	🇲🇽Mexico	Americas	15	Advanced	±0.00
29	🇵🇱Poland	Europe	15	Advanced	±0.50
30	🇹🇭Thailand	Asia Pacific	15	Advanced	±0.43
31	🇧🇷Brazil	Americas	14	Established	±0.43
32	🇨🇿Czechia	Europe	14	Established	±0.43
33	🇮🇹Italy	Europe	14	Established	±0.00
34	🇳🇿New Zealand	Asia Pacific	14	Established	±0.43
35	🇵🇪Peru	Americas	14	Established	±0.43
36	🇷🇺Russia	Europe	14	Established	±0.43
37	🇿🇦South Africa	Africa	14	Established	±0.43
38	🇪🇸Spain	Europe	14	Established	±0.43
39	🇮🇩Indonesia	Asia Pacific	13	Established	±0.00
40	🇮🇪Ireland	Europe	13	Established	±0.00
41	🇱🇹Lithuania	Europe	13	Established	±0.43
42	🇱🇺Luxembourg	Europe	13	Established	±0.43
43	🇵🇭Philippines	Asia Pacific	13	Established	±0.43
44	🇵🇹Portugal	Europe	13	Established	±0.00
45	🇦🇿Azerbaijan	Middle East	12	Established	±0.43
46	🇧🇼Botswana	Africa	12	Established	±0.00
47	🇧🇬Bulgaria	Europe	12	Established	±0.00
48	🇨🇴Colombia	Americas	12	Established	±0.43
49	🇭🇷Croatia	Europe	12	Established	±0.43
50	🇪🇪Estonia	Europe	12	Established	±0.00
51	🇬🇷Greece	Europe	12	Established	±0.00
52	🇭🇺Hungary	Europe	12	Established	±0.00
53	🇮🇸Iceland	Europe	12	Established	±0.50
54	🇰🇿Kazakhstan	Asia Pacific	12	Established	±0.00
55	🇲🇹Malta	Europe	12	Established	±0.83
56	🇲🇺Mauritius	Africa	12	Established	±0.00
57	🇲🇦Morocco	Africa	12	Established	±0.00
58	🇴🇲Oman	Middle East	12	Established	±0.71
59	🇷🇴Romania	Europe	12	Established	±0.43
60	🇸🇰Slovakia	Europe	12	Established	±0.43
61	🇸🇮Slovenia	Europe	12	Established	±0.50
62	🇺🇾Uruguay	Americas	12	Established	±0.50
63	🇩🇿Algeria	Africa	11	Transitional	±0.43
64	🇧🇭Bahrain	Middle East	11	Transitional	±0.83
65	🇧🇳Brunei	Asia Pacific	11	Transitional	±0.00
66	🇨🇾Cyprus	Middle East	11	Transitional	±0.43
67	🇱🇻Latvia	Europe	11	Transitional	±0.43
68	🇷🇸Serbia	Europe	11	Transitional	±0.83
69	🇹🇷Türkiye	Middle East	11	Transitional	±0.83
70	🇻🇳Vietnam	Asia Pacific	11	Transitional	±0.43
71	🇧🇸Bahamas	Americas	10	Transitional	±0.50
72	🇪🇬Egypt	Africa	10	Transitional	±0.00
73	🇳🇦Namibia	Africa	10	Transitional	±0.43
74	🇲🇰North Macedonia	Europe	10	Transitional	±0.50
75	🇵🇾Paraguay	Americas	10	Transitional	±0.00
76	🇹🇹Trinidad & Tobago	Americas	10	Transitional	±0.00
77	🇦🇱Albania	Europe	9	Transitional	±0.71
78	🇦🇲Armenia	Middle East	9	Transitional	±0.43
79	🇧🇩Bangladesh	Asia Pacific	9	Transitional	±0.71
80	🇧🇦Bosnia & Herzegovina	Europe	9	Transitional	±0.43
81	🇨🇷Costa Rica	Americas	9	Transitional	±0.43
82	🇩🇴Dominican Republic	Americas	9	Transitional	±0.43
83	🇬🇪Georgia	Middle East	9	Transitional	±0.00
84	🇬🇹Guatemala	Americas	9	Transitional	±0.43
85	🇯🇴Jordan	Middle East	9	Transitional	±0.43
86	🇳🇬Nigeria	Africa	9	Transitional	±0.43
87	🇸🇳Senegal	Africa	9	Transitional	±1.12
88	🇺🇦Ukraine	Europe	9	Transitional	±0.83
89	🇺🇿Uzbekistan	Asia Pacific	9	Transitional	±0.00
90	🇦🇴Angola	Africa	8	Foundational	±0.00
91	🇧🇧Barbados	Americas	8	Foundational	±0.43
92	🇰🇭Cambodia	Asia Pacific	8	Foundational	±0.43
93	🇬🇭Ghana	Africa	8	Foundational	±0.50
94	🇮🇶Iraq	Middle East	8	Foundational	±0.50
95	🇯🇲Jamaica	Americas	8	Foundational	±0.43
96	🇲🇩Moldova	Europe	8	Foundational	±0.83
97	🇲🇳Mongolia	Asia Pacific	8	Foundational	±0.50
98	🇳🇵Nepal	Asia Pacific	8	Foundational	±0.43
99	🇵🇰Pakistan	Asia Pacific	8	Foundational	±0.43
100	🇸🇨Seychelles	Africa	8	Foundational	±0.00
101	🇱🇰Sri Lanka	Asia Pacific	8	Foundational	±1.09
102	🇹🇿Tanzania	Africa	8	Foundational	±0.43
103	🇹🇳Tunisia	Africa	8	Foundational	±0.00
104	🇧🇾Belarus	Europe	7	Foundational	±0.71
105	🇧🇹Bhutan	Asia Pacific	7	Foundational	±0.00
106	🇨🇻Cabo Verde	Africa	7	Foundational	±0.50
107	🇨🇮Côte d'Ivoire	Africa	7	Foundational	±0.00
108	🇪🇨Ecuador	Americas	7	Foundational	±0.43
109	🇫🇯Fiji	Asia Pacific	7	Foundational	±0.43
110	🇬🇾Guyana	Americas	7	Foundational	±0.43
111	🇭🇳Honduras	Americas	7	Foundational	±0.00
112	🇰🇪Kenya	Africa	7	Foundational	±0.00
113	🇲🇪Montenegro	Europe	7	Foundational	±0.83
114	🇳🇮Nicaragua	Americas	7	Foundational	±0.50
115	🇵🇦Panama	Americas	7	Foundational	±2.17
116	🇵🇬Papua New Guinea	Asia Pacific	7	Foundational	±0.50
117	🇷🇼Rwanda	Africa	7	Foundational	±0.43
118	🇺🇬Uganda	Africa	7	Foundational	±0.43
119	🇦🇬Antigua & Barbuda	Americas	6	Foundational	±0.71
120	🇦🇷Argentina	Americas	6	Foundational	±0.83
121	🇧🇿Belize	Americas	6	Foundational	±0.00
122	🇧🇯Benin	Africa	6	Foundational	±0.43
123	🇧🇴Bolivia	Americas	6	Foundational	±0.43
124	🇨🇲Cameroon	Africa	6	Foundational	±0.00
125	🇸🇻El Salvador	Americas	6	Foundational	±0.43
126	🇸🇿Eswatini	Africa	6	Foundational	±0.43
127	🇬🇦Gabon	Africa	6	Foundational	±0.43
128	🇮🇷Iran	Asia Pacific	6	Foundational	±0.71
129	🇰🇬Kyrgyzstan	Asia Pacific	6	Foundational	±0.00
130	🇲🇬Madagascar	Africa	6	Foundational	±0.43
131	🇲🇻Maldives	Asia Pacific	6	Foundational	±0.43
132	🇲🇱Mali	Africa	6	Foundational	±0.71
133	🇲🇷Mauritania	Africa	6	Foundational	±0.71
134	🇲🇿Mozambique	Africa	6	Foundational	±0.00
135	🇰🇳Saint Kitts & Nevis	Americas	6	Foundational	±0.71
136	🇱🇨Saint Lucia	Americas	6	Foundational	±0.71
137	🇻🇨Saint Vincent & Grenadines	Americas	6	Foundational	±0.71
138	🇹🇱Timor-Leste	Asia Pacific	6	Foundational	±0.50
139	🇹🇲Turkmenistan	Asia Pacific	6	Foundational	±0.71
140	🇿🇲Zambia	Africa	6	Foundational	±0.43
141	🇧🇫Burkina Faso	Africa	5	Nascent	±0.00
142	🇩🇯Djibouti	Africa	5	Nascent	±0.43
143	🇩🇲Dominica	Americas	5	Nascent	±0.43
144	🇬🇶Equatorial Guinea	Africa	5	Nascent	±0.00
145	🇪🇹Ethiopia	Africa	5	Nascent	±0.43
146	🇬🇩Grenada	Americas	5	Nascent	±0.43
147	🇬🇳Guinea	Africa	5	Nascent	±0.50
148	🇽🇰Kosovo	Europe	5	Nascent	±0.87
149	🇱🇦Laos	Asia Pacific	5	Nascent	±0.43
150	🇱🇸Lesotho	Africa	5	Nascent	±0.43
151	🇱🇾Libya	Africa	5	Nascent	±0.00
152	🇲🇼Malawi	Africa	5	Nascent	±0.43
153	🇲🇨Monaco	Europe	5	Nascent	±1.66
154	🇲🇲Myanmar	Asia Pacific	5	Nascent	±0.71
155	🇳🇪Niger	Africa	5	Nascent	±0.43
156	🇼🇸Samoa	Asia Pacific	5	Nascent	±0.00
157	🇸🇲San Marino	Europe	5	Nascent	±0.71
158	🇸🇱Sierra Leone	Africa	5	Nascent	±0.71
159	🇸🇧Solomon Islands	Asia Pacific	5	Nascent	±0.00
160	🇸🇷Suriname	Americas	5	Nascent	±0.43
161	🇹🇯Tajikistan	Asia Pacific	5	Nascent	±0.43
162	🇹🇬Togo	Africa	5	Nascent	±0.43
163	🇻🇺Vanuatu	Asia Pacific	5	Nascent	±0.00
164	🇨🇬Congo	Africa	4	Nascent	±0.00
165	🇨🇩DR Congo	Africa	4	Nascent	±0.43
166	🇬🇲Gambia	Africa	4	Nascent	±0.43
167	🇱🇷Liberia	Africa	4	Nascent	±0.43
168	🇵🇸Palestine	Middle East	4	Nascent	±0.00
169	🇸🇹São Tomé & Príncipe	Africa	4	Nascent	±0.00
170	🇹🇴Tonga	Asia Pacific	4	Nascent	±0.43
171	🇦🇩Andorra	Europe	3	Nascent	±0.71
172	🇧🇮Burundi	Africa	3	Nascent	±0.00
173	🇨🇫Central African Rep.	Africa	3	Nascent	±0.50
174	🇹🇩Chad	Africa	3	Nascent	±0.43
175	🇰🇲Comoros	Africa	3	Nascent	±0.43
176	🇨🇺Cuba	Americas	3	Nascent	±0.43
177	🇬🇼Guinea-Bissau	Africa	3	Nascent	±0.43
178	🇭🇹Haiti	Americas	3	Nascent	±0.50
179	🇰🇮Kiribati	Asia Pacific	3	Nascent	±0.43
180	🇱🇧Lebanon	Middle East	3	Nascent	±0.71
181	🇱🇮Liechtenstein	Europe	3	Nascent	±0.83
182	🇵🇼Palau	Asia Pacific	3	Nascent	±0.43
183	🇹🇻Tuvalu	Asia Pacific	3	Nascent	±0.50
184	🇻🇪Venezuela	Americas	3	Nascent	±0.43
185	🇿🇼Zimbabwe	Africa	3	Nascent	±0.43
186	🇪🇷Eritrea	Africa	2	Inception	±0.00
187	🇲🇭Marshall Islands	Asia Pacific	2	Inception	±0.43
188	🇫🇲Micronesia	Asia Pacific	2	Inception	±0.43
189	🇳🇷Nauru	Asia Pacific	2	Inception	±0.43
190	🇰🇵North Korea	Asia Pacific	2	Inception	±0.71
191	🇸🇴Somalia	Africa	2	Inception	±0.00
192	🇸🇸South Sudan	Africa	2	Inception	±0.43
193	🇸🇩Sudan	Africa	2	Inception	±0.00
194	🇾🇪Yemen	Middle East	2	Inception	±0.00
195	🇦🇫Afghanistan	Asia Pacific	1	Inception	±0.43
196	🇻🇦Holy See	Europe	1	Inception	±0.00
197	🇸🇾Syria	Middle East	1	Inception	±0.00

Others in Sovereign Capital & External Financial Power

Capability	World mean	Range	Leader
Sovereign Wealth & Public Asset Management	6.2	0–20	Norway, Singapore
Currency Internationalisation & Reserve Status	4.0	0–20	United States
Capital Account & Flow Management	8.5	1–19	Singapore, Switzerland, United States
International Financial Centre Capability	5.3	0–20	United States