Machine Learning & Foundation Models — National Capability Index

Indicators

The measures seeded for this capability in the framework. They are candidate indicators: no cell in the index has a source document attached to it yet.

research publication share in machine learning
notable frontier models produced
highly cited AI researchers
private AI investment

Band spread across 197 nations

Frontier 2

Advanced 8

Established 11

Transitional 12

Foundational 23

Nascent 37

Inception 104

All 197 nations

Best first. The score is the mean of the four adjudicators' round-3 integers, rounded to the nearest integer; ±SD is their spread on that cell. Where the spread is three points or more, read the number as a band rather than a value.

#	Nation	Region	Score	Band	Panel SD
1	🇺🇸United States	Americas	20	Frontier	±0.00
2	🇨🇳China	Asia Pacific	19	Frontier	±0.50
3	🇫🇷France	Europe	17	Advanced	±0.50
4	🇬🇧United Kingdom	Europe	17	Advanced	±0.43
5	🇩🇪Germany	Europe	16	Advanced	±0.50
6	🇮🇱Israel	Middle East	16	Advanced	±0.00
7	🇯🇵Japan	Asia Pacific	16	Advanced	±0.50
8	🇰🇷South Korea	Asia Pacific	16	Advanced	±0.00
9	🇨🇦Canada	Americas	15	Advanced	±0.43
10	🇨🇭Switzerland	Europe	15	Advanced	±0.43
11	🇳🇱Netherlands	Europe	14	Established	±0.00
12	🇸🇬Singapore	Asia Pacific	14	Established	±0.00
13	🇸🇪Sweden	Europe	14	Established	±0.50
14	🇦🇪United Arab Emirates	Middle East	14	Established	±0.87
15	🇦🇺Australia	Asia Pacific	13	Established	±0.50
16	🇮🇳India	Asia Pacific	13	Established	±0.43
17	🇷🇺Russia	Europe	13	Established	±0.00
18	🇫🇮Finland	Europe	12	Established	±0.00
19	🇮🇹Italy	Europe	12	Established	±0.43
20	🇪🇸Spain	Europe	12	Established	±0.43
21	🇹🇼Taiwan	Asia Pacific	12	Established	±0.71
22	🇧🇪Belgium	Europe	11	Transitional	±0.43
23	🇩🇰Denmark	Europe	11	Transitional	±0.00
24	🇳🇴Norway	Europe	11	Transitional	±0.00
25	🇵🇱Poland	Europe	11	Transitional	±0.43
26	🇸🇦Saudi Arabia	Middle East	11	Transitional	±0.71
27	🇦🇹Austria	Europe	10	Transitional	±0.00
28	🇧🇷Brazil	Americas	10	Transitional	±0.43
29	🇹🇷Türkiye	Middle East	10	Transitional	±0.43
30	🇮🇪Ireland	Europe	9	Transitional	±1.30
31	🇲🇾Malaysia	Asia Pacific	9	Transitional	±0.00
32	🇳🇿New Zealand	Asia Pacific	9	Transitional	±0.43
33	🇵🇹Portugal	Europe	9	Transitional	±0.43
34	🇨🇿Czechia	Europe	8	Foundational	±0.43
35	🇭🇺Hungary	Europe	8	Foundational	±0.43
36	🇲🇽Mexico	Americas	8	Foundational	±0.83
37	🇶🇦Qatar	Middle East	8	Foundational	±0.43
38	🇷🇴Romania	Europe	8	Foundational	±0.00
39	🇻🇳Vietnam	Asia Pacific	8	Foundational	±0.00
40	🇦🇷Argentina	Americas	7	Foundational	±0.71
41	🇨🇱Chile	Americas	7	Foundational	±0.83
42	🇪🇪Estonia	Europe	7	Foundational	±0.43
43	🇮🇩Indonesia	Asia Pacific	7	Foundational	±0.71
44	🇮🇷Iran	Asia Pacific	7	Foundational	±0.43
45	🇱🇹Lithuania	Europe	7	Foundational	±0.50
46	🇸🇮Slovenia	Europe	7	Foundational	±0.50
47	🇿🇦South Africa	Africa	7	Foundational	±0.71
48	🇹🇭Thailand	Asia Pacific	7	Foundational	±0.43
49	🇺🇦Ukraine	Europe	7	Foundational	±0.43
50	🇧🇬Bulgaria	Europe	6	Foundational	±0.00
51	🇪🇬Egypt	Africa	6	Foundational	±0.00
52	🇬🇷Greece	Europe	6	Foundational	±0.43
53	🇱🇺Luxembourg	Europe	6	Foundational	±0.00
54	🇳🇬Nigeria	Africa	6	Foundational	±0.50
55	🇵🇰Pakistan	Asia Pacific	6	Foundational	±0.43
56	🇸🇰Slovakia	Europe	6	Foundational	±0.50
57	🇨🇴Colombia	Americas	5	Nascent	±0.43
58	🇭🇷Croatia	Europe	5	Nascent	±0.71
59	🇮🇸Iceland	Europe	5	Nascent	±0.00
60	🇰🇪Kenya	Africa	5	Nascent	±0.43
61	🇱🇻Latvia	Europe	5	Nascent	±0.43
62	🇲🇦Morocco	Africa	5	Nascent	±0.43
63	🇵🇭Philippines	Asia Pacific	5	Nascent	±0.00
64	🇷🇸Serbia	Europe	5	Nascent	±0.43
65	🇹🇳Tunisia	Africa	5	Nascent	±0.43
66	🇦🇲Armenia	Middle East	4	Nascent	±0.43
67	🇧🇩Bangladesh	Asia Pacific	4	Nascent	±0.43
68	🇧🇾Belarus	Europe	4	Nascent	±0.00
69	🇨🇾Cyprus	Middle East	4	Nascent	±0.71
70	🇬🇭Ghana	Africa	4	Nascent	±0.00
71	🇯🇴Jordan	Middle East	4	Nascent	±0.00
72	🇰🇿Kazakhstan	Asia Pacific	4	Nascent	±0.00
73	🇲🇹Malta	Europe	4	Nascent	±0.43
74	🇵🇪Peru	Americas	4	Nascent	±0.00
75	🇺🇾Uruguay	Americas	4	Nascent	±0.00
76	🇩🇿Algeria	Africa	3	Nascent	±0.43
77	🇧🇭Bahrain	Middle East	3	Nascent	±0.00
78	🇨🇷Costa Rica	Americas	3	Nascent	±0.71
79	🇨🇺Cuba	Americas	3	Nascent	±0.43
80	🇩🇴Dominican Republic	Americas	3	Nascent	±0.43
81	🇪🇹Ethiopia	Africa	3	Nascent	±0.00
82	🇬🇪Georgia	Middle East	3	Nascent	±0.00
83	🇰🇼Kuwait	Middle East	3	Nascent	±0.00
84	🇱🇧Lebanon	Middle East	3	Nascent	±0.00
85	🇲🇺Mauritius	Africa	3	Nascent	±0.71
86	🇲🇩Moldova	Europe	3	Nascent	±0.43
87	🇳🇵Nepal	Asia Pacific	3	Nascent	±0.50
88	🇴🇲Oman	Middle East	3	Nascent	±0.00
89	🇵🇦Panama	Americas	3	Nascent	±0.50
90	🇷🇼Rwanda	Africa	3	Nascent	±0.00
91	🇸🇳Senegal	Africa	3	Nascent	±0.00
92	🇱🇰Sri Lanka	Asia Pacific	3	Nascent	±0.00
93	🇺🇬Uganda	Africa	3	Nascent	±0.00
94	🇦🇱Albania	Europe	2	Inception	±0.43
95	🇦🇿Azerbaijan	Middle East	2	Inception	±0.43
96	🇧🇦Bosnia & Herzegovina	Europe	2	Inception	±0.43
97	🇰🇭Cambodia	Asia Pacific	2	Inception	±0.50
98	🇨🇮Côte d'Ivoire	Africa	2	Inception	±0.00
99	🇪🇨Ecuador	Americas	2	Inception	±0.00
100	🇸🇻El Salvador	Americas	2	Inception	±0.00
101	🇬🇹Guatemala	Americas	2	Inception	±0.00
102	🇯🇲Jamaica	Americas	2	Inception	±0.00
103	🇲🇳Mongolia	Asia Pacific	2	Inception	±0.00
104	🇲🇪Montenegro	Europe	2	Inception	±0.43
105	🇳🇦Namibia	Africa	2	Inception	±0.00
106	🇰🇵North Korea	Asia Pacific	2	Inception	±0.83
107	🇲🇰North Macedonia	Europe	2	Inception	±0.43
108	🇵🇸Palestine	Middle East	2	Inception	±0.00
109	🇵🇾Paraguay	Americas	2	Inception	±0.00
110	🇹🇿Tanzania	Africa	2	Inception	±0.50
111	🇹🇹Trinidad & Tobago	Americas	2	Inception	±0.00
112	🇺🇿Uzbekistan	Asia Pacific	2	Inception	±0.43
113	🇻🇪Venezuela	Americas	2	Inception	±0.00
114	🇿🇲Zambia	Africa	2	Inception	±0.50
115	🇿🇼Zimbabwe	Africa	2	Inception	±0.43
116	🇦🇴Angola	Africa	1	Inception	±0.00
117	🇧🇯Benin	Africa	1	Inception	±0.43
118	🇧🇴Bolivia	Americas	1	Inception	±0.00
119	🇧🇼Botswana	Africa	1	Inception	±0.43
120	🇧🇳Brunei	Asia Pacific	1	Inception	±0.50
121	🇧🇫Burkina Faso	Africa	1	Inception	±0.00
122	🇨🇻Cabo Verde	Africa	1	Inception	±0.50
123	🇨🇲Cameroon	Africa	1	Inception	±0.43
124	🇫🇯Fiji	Asia Pacific	1	Inception	±0.50
125	🇬🇦Gabon	Africa	1	Inception	±0.43
126	🇭🇳Honduras	Americas	1	Inception	±0.00
127	🇮🇶Iraq	Middle East	1	Inception	±0.43
128	🇽🇰Kosovo	Europe	1	Inception	±0.43
129	🇰🇬Kyrgyzstan	Asia Pacific	1	Inception	±0.00
130	🇱🇦Laos	Asia Pacific	1	Inception	±0.00
131	🇱🇾Libya	Africa	1	Inception	±0.43
132	🇱🇮Liechtenstein	Europe	1	Inception	±0.00
133	🇲🇬Madagascar	Africa	1	Inception	±0.00
134	🇲🇼Malawi	Africa	1	Inception	±0.00
135	🇲🇻Maldives	Asia Pacific	1	Inception	±0.43
136	🇲🇱Mali	Africa	1	Inception	±0.00
137	🇲🇷Mauritania	Africa	1	Inception	±0.43
138	🇲🇨Monaco	Europe	1	Inception	±0.00
139	🇲🇿Mozambique	Africa	1	Inception	±0.00
140	🇲🇲Myanmar	Asia Pacific	1	Inception	±0.00
141	🇳🇮Nicaragua	Americas	1	Inception	±0.00
142	🇳🇪Niger	Africa	1	Inception	±0.00
143	🇵🇬Papua New Guinea	Asia Pacific	1	Inception	±0.50
144	🇸🇱Sierra Leone	Africa	1	Inception	±0.00
145	🇹🇯Tajikistan	Asia Pacific	1	Inception	±0.50
146	🇹🇬Togo	Africa	1	Inception	±0.00
147	🇦🇫Afghanistan	Asia Pacific	0	Inception	±0.00
148	🇦🇩Andorra	Europe	0	Inception	±0.00
149	🇦🇬Antigua & Barbuda	Americas	0	Inception	±0.00
150	🇧🇸Bahamas	Americas	0	Inception	±0.43
151	🇧🇧Barbados	Americas	0	Inception	±0.43
152	🇧🇿Belize	Americas	0	Inception	±0.00
153	🇧🇹Bhutan	Asia Pacific	0	Inception	±0.00
154	🇧🇮Burundi	Africa	0	Inception	±0.00
155	🇨🇫Central African Rep.	Africa	0	Inception	±0.00
156	🇹🇩Chad	Africa	0	Inception	±0.00
157	🇰🇲Comoros	Africa	0	Inception	±0.00
158	🇨🇬Congo	Africa	0	Inception	±0.43
159	🇩🇯Djibouti	Africa	0	Inception	±0.00
160	🇩🇲Dominica	Americas	0	Inception	±0.00
161	🇨🇩DR Congo	Africa	0	Inception	±0.43
162	🇬🇶Equatorial Guinea	Africa	0	Inception	±0.00
163	🇪🇷Eritrea	Africa	0	Inception	±0.00
164	🇸🇿Eswatini	Africa	0	Inception	±0.00
165	🇬🇲Gambia	Africa	0	Inception	±0.00
166	🇬🇩Grenada	Americas	0	Inception	±0.00
167	🇬🇳Guinea	Africa	0	Inception	±0.00
168	🇬🇼Guinea-Bissau	Africa	0	Inception	±0.00
169	🇬🇾Guyana	Americas	0	Inception	±0.43
170	🇭🇹Haiti	Americas	0	Inception	±0.00
171	🇻🇦Holy See	Europe	0	Inception	±0.00
172	🇰🇮Kiribati	Asia Pacific	0	Inception	±0.00
173	🇱🇸Lesotho	Africa	0	Inception	±0.43
174	🇱🇷Liberia	Africa	0	Inception	±0.43
175	🇲🇭Marshall Islands	Asia Pacific	0	Inception	±0.00
176	🇫🇲Micronesia	Asia Pacific	0	Inception	±0.00
177	🇳🇷Nauru	Asia Pacific	0	Inception	±0.00
178	🇵🇼Palau	Asia Pacific	0	Inception	±0.00
179	🇰🇳Saint Kitts & Nevis	Americas	0	Inception	±0.00
180	🇱🇨Saint Lucia	Americas	0	Inception	±0.00
181	🇻🇨Saint Vincent & Grenadines	Americas	0	Inception	±0.00
182	🇼🇸Samoa	Asia Pacific	0	Inception	±0.00
183	🇸🇲San Marino	Europe	0	Inception	±0.00
184	🇸🇹São Tomé & Príncipe	Africa	0	Inception	±0.00
185	🇸🇨Seychelles	Africa	0	Inception	±0.00
186	🇸🇧Solomon Islands	Asia Pacific	0	Inception	±0.00
187	🇸🇴Somalia	Africa	0	Inception	±0.00
188	🇸🇸South Sudan	Africa	0	Inception	±0.00
189	🇸🇩Sudan	Africa	0	Inception	±0.43
190	🇸🇷Suriname	Americas	0	Inception	±0.00
191	🇸🇾Syria	Middle East	0	Inception	±0.43
192	🇹🇱Timor-Leste	Asia Pacific	0	Inception	±0.43
193	🇹🇴Tonga	Asia Pacific	0	Inception	±0.00
194	🇹🇲Turkmenistan	Asia Pacific	0	Inception	±0.43
195	🇹🇻Tuvalu	Asia Pacific	0	Inception	±0.00
196	🇻🇺Vanuatu	Asia Pacific	0	Inception	±0.00
197	🇾🇪Yemen	Middle East	0	Inception	±0.00

Others in Artificial Intelligence

Capability	World mean	Range	Leader
Applied AI & Advanced Analytics	5.7	0–20	United States
AI Safety, Security & Evaluation	3.0	0–20	United States