Economic/Financial Strength/Financial Stability & Crisis Management

External Liquidity & Financial Safety Nets

The capacity to command foreign liquidity under stress: reserve adequacy, swap arrangements, regional financing arrangements and access to the global safety net, layered so the nation is never illiquid in someone else's currency.
factbase.org/cap/GQ2KNBB70B
World mean
8.3
of 20 · median 7.0
Range
1–20
middle half 5.0–12.0
Panel SD
±0.35
round 1 ±1.19 — the honest estimate
Leader
20
United States

Indicators

The measures seeded for this capability in the framework. They are candidate indicators: no cell in the index has a source document attached to it yet.

Band spread across 197 nations

Frontier 4
Advanced 21
Established 29
Transitional 23
Foundational 55
Nascent 53
Inception 12

All 197 nations

Best first. The score is the mean of the four adjudicators' round-3 integers, rounded to the nearest integer; ±SD is their spread on that cell. Where the spread is three points or more, read the number as a band rather than a value.

#NationRegionScoreBandPanel SD
1 🇺🇸United States Americas 20 Frontier ±0.00
2 🇯🇵Japan Asia Pacific 18 Frontier ±0.00
3 🇸🇬Singapore Asia Pacific 18 Frontier ±0.00
4 🇨🇭Switzerland Europe 18 Frontier ±0.43
5 🇨🇳China Asia Pacific 17 Advanced ±0.00
6 🇫🇷France Europe 17 Advanced ±0.43
7 🇩🇪Germany Europe 17 Advanced ±0.00
8 🇳🇱Netherlands Europe 17 Advanced ±0.00
9 🇳🇴Norway Europe 17 Advanced ±0.43
10 🇰🇷South Korea Asia Pacific 17 Advanced ±0.43
11 🇬🇧United Kingdom Europe 17 Advanced ±0.00
12 🇦🇺Australia Asia Pacific 16 Advanced ±0.00
13 🇨🇦Canada Americas 16 Advanced ±0.00
14 🇸🇦Saudi Arabia Middle East 16 Advanced ±0.00
15 🇸🇪Sweden Europe 16 Advanced ±0.00
16 🇹🇼Taiwan Asia Pacific 16 Advanced ±0.00
17 🇦🇪United Arab Emirates Middle East 16 Advanced ±0.00
18 🇦🇹Austria Europe 15 Advanced ±0.43
19 🇧🇪Belgium Europe 15 Advanced ±0.00
20 🇩🇰Denmark Europe 15 Advanced ±0.43
21 🇫🇮Finland Europe 15 Advanced ±0.00
22 🇮🇱Israel Middle East 15 Advanced ±0.00
23 🇱🇺Luxembourg Europe 15 Advanced ±0.00
24 🇶🇦Qatar Middle East 15 Advanced ±0.00
25 🇪🇸Spain Europe 15 Advanced ±0.43
26 🇨🇱Chile Americas 14 Established ±0.00
27 🇨🇿Czechia Europe 14 Established ±0.50
28 🇮🇳India Asia Pacific 14 Established ±0.00
29 🇮🇪Ireland Europe 14 Established ±0.00
30 🇮🇹Italy Europe 14 Established ±0.71
31 🇱🇹Lithuania Europe 14 Established ±0.50
32 🇲🇾Malaysia Asia Pacific 14 Established ±0.00
33 🇲🇽Mexico Americas 14 Established ±0.00
34 🇳🇿New Zealand Asia Pacific 14 Established ±0.43
35 🇵🇱Poland Europe 14 Established ±0.00
36 🇵🇹Portugal Europe 14 Established ±0.50
37 🇹🇭Thailand Asia Pacific 14 Established ±0.00
38 🇧🇷Brazil Americas 13 Established ±0.00
39 🇭🇷Croatia Europe 13 Established ±0.43
40 🇪🇪Estonia Europe 13 Established ±0.00
41 🇮🇩Indonesia Asia Pacific 13 Established ±0.50
42 🇰🇼Kuwait Middle East 13 Established ±0.00
43 🇱🇻Latvia Europe 13 Established ±0.43
44 🇲🇹Malta Europe 13 Established ±0.43
45 🇵🇪Peru Americas 13 Established ±0.00
46 🇸🇰Slovakia Europe 13 Established ±0.43
47 🇸🇮Slovenia Europe 13 Established ±0.00
48 🇧🇬Bulgaria Europe 12 Established ±0.71
49 🇨🇴Colombia Americas 12 Established ±0.43
50 🇨🇾Cyprus Middle East 12 Established ±0.83
51 🇬🇷Greece Europe 12 Established ±0.43
52 🇭🇺Hungary Europe 12 Established ±0.50
53 🇵🇭Philippines Asia Pacific 12 Established ±0.00
54 🇿🇦South Africa Africa 12 Established ±0.43
55 🇧🇼Botswana Africa 11 Transitional ±0.50
56 🇧🇳Brunei Asia Pacific 11 Transitional ±0.43
57 🇮🇸Iceland Europe 11 Transitional ±0.00
58 🇲🇺Mauritius Africa 11 Transitional ±0.83
59 🇲🇦Morocco Africa 11 Transitional ±0.00
60 🇷🇴Romania Europe 11 Transitional ±0.00
61 🇺🇾Uruguay Americas 11 Transitional ±0.83
62 🇩🇿Algeria Africa 10 Transitional ±0.43
63 🇦🇿Azerbaijan Middle East 10 Transitional ±0.43
64 🇨🇷Costa Rica Americas 10 Transitional ±0.87
65 🇰🇿Kazakhstan Asia Pacific 10 Transitional ±0.43
66 🇴🇲Oman Middle East 10 Transitional ±0.43
67 🇷🇸Serbia Europe 10 Transitional ±0.43
68 🇹🇷Türkiye Middle East 10 Transitional ±1.09
69 🇻🇳Vietnam Asia Pacific 10 Transitional ±0.00
70 🇧🇭Bahrain Middle East 9 Transitional ±0.83
71 🇩🇴Dominican Republic Americas 9 Transitional ±0.71
72 🇱🇮Liechtenstein Europe 9 Transitional ±0.50
73 🇲🇨Monaco Europe 9 Transitional ±0.43
74 🇵🇦Panama Americas 9 Transitional ±0.43
75 🇵🇾Paraguay Americas 9 Transitional ±0.43
76 🇷🇺Russia Europe 9 Transitional ±1.23
77 🇹🇹Trinidad & Tobago Americas 9 Transitional ±0.43
78 🇦🇱Albania Europe 8 Foundational ±0.43
79 🇦🇲Armenia Middle East 8 Foundational ±0.43
80 🇧🇩Bangladesh Asia Pacific 8 Foundational ±0.50
81 🇧🇦Bosnia & Herzegovina Europe 8 Foundational ±0.43
82 🇰🇭Cambodia Asia Pacific 8 Foundational ±0.50
83 🇨🇮Côte d'Ivoire Africa 8 Foundational ±0.71
84 🇪🇬Egypt Africa 8 Foundational ±0.43
85 🇯🇲Jamaica Americas 8 Foundational ±0.43
86 🇯🇴Jordan Middle East 8 Foundational ±0.43
87 🇳🇦Namibia Africa 8 Foundational ±0.83
88 🇳🇬Nigeria Africa 8 Foundational ±0.43
89 🇲🇰North Macedonia Europe 8 Foundational ±0.00
90 🇸🇳Senegal Africa 8 Foundational ±0.71
91 🇺🇦Ukraine Europe 8 Foundational ±0.43
92 🇺🇿Uzbekistan Asia Pacific 8 Foundational ±0.50
93 🇦🇴Angola Africa 7 Foundational ±0.00
94 🇧🇸Bahamas Americas 7 Foundational ±0.43
95 🇧🇧Barbados Americas 7 Foundational ±0.71
96 🇨🇲Cameroon Africa 7 Foundational ±0.50
97 🇬🇪Georgia Middle East 7 Foundational ±0.00
98 🇬🇹Guatemala Americas 7 Foundational ±0.43
99 🇮🇶Iraq Middle East 7 Foundational ±0.43
100 🇰🇪Kenya Africa 7 Foundational ±0.43
101 🇲🇩Moldova Europe 7 Foundational ±0.83
102 🇲🇳Mongolia Asia Pacific 7 Foundational ±0.00
103 🇲🇪Montenegro Europe 7 Foundational ±0.50
104 🇵🇰Pakistan Asia Pacific 7 Foundational ±0.50
105 🇸🇨Seychelles Africa 7 Foundational ±0.00
106 🇱🇰Sri Lanka Asia Pacific 7 Foundational ±0.50
107 🇹🇿Tanzania Africa 7 Foundational ±0.43
108 🇹🇳Tunisia Africa 7 Foundational ±0.43
109 🇦🇩Andorra Europe 6 Foundational ±0.50
110 🇦🇬Antigua & Barbuda Americas 6 Foundational ±0.71
111 🇦🇷Argentina Americas 6 Foundational ±1.23
112 🇧🇯Benin Africa 6 Foundational ±0.43
113 🇧🇹Bhutan Asia Pacific 6 Foundational ±0.50
114 🇧🇴Bolivia Americas 6 Foundational ±0.43
115 🇧🇫Burkina Faso Africa 6 Foundational ±0.83
116 🇨🇻Cabo Verde Africa 6 Foundational ±0.83
117 🇩🇯Djibouti Africa 6 Foundational ±0.43
118 🇩🇲Dominica Americas 6 Foundational ±0.71
119 🇪🇨Ecuador Americas 6 Foundational ±0.43
120 🇫🇯Fiji Asia Pacific 6 Foundational ±0.43
121 🇬🇾Guyana Americas 6 Foundational ±0.00
122 🇭🇳Honduras Americas 6 Foundational ±0.50
123 🇰🇬Kyrgyzstan Asia Pacific 6 Foundational ±0.50
124 🇳🇵Nepal Asia Pacific 6 Foundational ±0.43
125 🇷🇼Rwanda Africa 6 Foundational ±0.00
126 🇰🇳Saint Kitts & Nevis Americas 6 Foundational ±0.50
127 🇱🇨Saint Lucia Americas 6 Foundational ±0.50
128 🇻🇨Saint Vincent & Grenadines Americas 6 Foundational ±0.50
129 🇸🇲San Marino Europe 6 Foundational ±0.71
130 🇹🇬Togo Africa 6 Foundational ±0.50
131 🇺🇬Uganda Africa 6 Foundational ±0.43
132 🇿🇲Zambia Africa 6 Foundational ±0.50
133 🇧🇾Belarus Europe 5 Nascent ±0.43
134 🇧🇿Belize Americas 5 Nascent ±0.83
135 🇰🇲Comoros Africa 5 Nascent ±0.50
136 🇨🇬Congo Africa 5 Nascent ±0.00
137 🇸🇻El Salvador Americas 5 Nascent ±0.43
138 🇬🇶Equatorial Guinea Africa 5 Nascent ±0.50
139 🇸🇿Eswatini Africa 5 Nascent ±0.43
140 🇬🇦Gabon Africa 5 Nascent ±0.00
141 🇬🇭Ghana Africa 5 Nascent ±0.83
142 🇬🇩Grenada Americas 5 Nascent ±0.00
143 🇱🇸Lesotho Africa 5 Nascent ±0.43
144 🇲🇻Maldives Asia Pacific 5 Nascent ±0.50
145 🇲🇱Mali Africa 5 Nascent ±0.50
146 🇳🇮Nicaragua Americas 5 Nascent ±0.43
147 🇳🇪Niger Africa 5 Nascent ±0.43
148 🇵🇬Papua New Guinea Asia Pacific 5 Nascent ±0.00
149 🇼🇸Samoa Asia Pacific 5 Nascent ±0.50
150 🇸🇹São Tomé & Príncipe Africa 5 Nascent ±0.50
151 🇸🇱Sierra Leone Africa 5 Nascent ±0.43
152 🇸🇧Solomon Islands Asia Pacific 5 Nascent ±0.43
153 🇸🇷Suriname Americas 5 Nascent ±0.50
154 🇹🇯Tajikistan Asia Pacific 5 Nascent ±0.43
155 🇹🇱Timor-Leste Asia Pacific 5 Nascent ±0.43
156 🇹🇴Tonga Asia Pacific 5 Nascent ±0.50
157 🇹🇲Turkmenistan Asia Pacific 5 Nascent ±0.00
158 🇻🇺Vanuatu Asia Pacific 5 Nascent ±0.50
159 🇹🇩Chad Africa 4 Nascent ±0.43
160 🇨🇩DR Congo Africa 4 Nascent ±0.00
161 🇪🇹Ethiopia Africa 4 Nascent ±0.00
162 🇬🇲Gambia Africa 4 Nascent ±0.50
163 🇮🇷Iran Asia Pacific 4 Nascent ±0.43
164 🇽🇰Kosovo Europe 4 Nascent ±0.43
165 🇱🇦Laos Asia Pacific 4 Nascent ±0.00
166 🇱🇷Liberia Africa 4 Nascent ±0.50
167 🇱🇾Libya Africa 4 Nascent ±0.00
168 🇲🇬Madagascar Africa 4 Nascent ±0.43
169 🇲🇷Mauritania Africa 4 Nascent ±0.43
170 🇲🇿Mozambique Africa 4 Nascent ±0.00
171 🇧🇮Burundi Africa 3 Nascent ±0.43
172 🇨🇫Central African Rep. Africa 3 Nascent ±0.43
173 🇨🇺Cuba Americas 3 Nascent ±0.50
174 🇬🇳Guinea Africa 3 Nascent ±0.00
175 🇬🇼Guinea-Bissau Africa 3 Nascent ±0.50
176 🇰🇮Kiribati Asia Pacific 3 Nascent ±0.50
177 🇲🇼Malawi Africa 3 Nascent ±0.00
178 🇲🇭Marshall Islands Asia Pacific 3 Nascent ±0.43
179 🇫🇲Micronesia Asia Pacific 3 Nascent ±0.50
180 🇲🇲Myanmar Asia Pacific 3 Nascent ±0.43
181 🇵🇼Palau Asia Pacific 3 Nascent ±0.00
182 🇵🇸Palestine Middle East 3 Nascent ±0.00
183 🇹🇻Tuvalu Asia Pacific 3 Nascent ±0.83
184 🇻🇪Venezuela Americas 3 Nascent ±0.43
185 🇿🇼Zimbabwe Africa 3 Nascent ±0.00
186 🇭🇹Haiti Americas 2 Inception ±0.50
187 🇱🇧Lebanon Middle East 2 Inception ±0.00
188 🇳🇷Nauru Asia Pacific 2 Inception ±0.00
189 🇸🇴Somalia Africa 2 Inception ±0.50
190 🇦🇫Afghanistan Asia Pacific 1 Inception ±0.00
191 🇪🇷Eritrea Africa 1 Inception ±0.00
192 🇻🇦Holy See Europe 1 Inception ±0.00
193 🇰🇵North Korea Asia Pacific 1 Inception ±0.00
194 🇸🇸South Sudan Africa 1 Inception ±0.00
195 🇸🇩Sudan Africa 1 Inception ±0.00
196 🇸🇾Syria Middle East 1 Inception ±0.00
197 🇾🇪Yemen Middle East 1 Inception ±0.00

Others in Financial Stability & Crisis Management

CapabilityWorld meanRangeLeader
Macroprudential & Systemic Oversight7.80–18Singapore, United Kingdom, United States
Crisis Management, Resolution & Deposit Insurance8.21–19United States