{ "framework": "National Capability Framework", "name": "Strategic Infrastructure", "version": "0.2", "supersedes": "0.1", "version_date": "2026-09-12", "metadata": { "description": "Version 0.2 of the Strategic Infrastructure domain of the National Capability Framework. This release extends the v0.1 taxonomy from ten capability groups and 50 capabilities to ten groups and 62 capabilities. It is the first release driven by use rather than by comparison: the taxonomy was applied to a register of roughly 20,000 scored infrastructure assets and read against the critical infrastructure designation instruments of twenty nations, the G20 members and Iran, and the capabilities added are those the register could not classify without splitting a site across two entries or forcing it into a capability defined by something else. Ten of the twelve additions are promotions, lifting a subject out of a parent capability's description into an entry of its own, with the clause removed from the parent so nothing is described twice. No capability group changed, no minted code was retired and no node was deleted.", "change_summary": [ "Twelve capabilities added and one renamed, taking the domain from 50 capabilities to 62. The ten capability groups are unchanged, as are the domain code, the seven minted capability group codes and all twenty-three minted capability codes.", "Ten of the twelve additions are promotions out of a parent description, each paired with a narrowing of that parent: Nuclear Fuel Cycle & Radioactive Waste out of Nuclear Generation; System Control & Dispatch out of Transmission & Distribution; Bulk Water Transfer & Desalination out of Water Supply & Treatment; Chemicals & Hazardous Process Industry out of Materials & Inputs; Air Navigation & Traffic Management out of Air Infrastructure; Postal & Parcel out of Logistics, Multimodal & Border Infrastructure; Public Health & Laboratories and Medical Supply & Stockpiles out of Health Infrastructure; Research & Scientific Facilities out of Education & Skills Infrastructure; and Hydrometeorology & Early Warning out of Justice, Public Safety & Emergency Services.", "Justice, Public Safety & Emergency Services was separated into Justice & Corrections and Emergency Services & Civil Protection, and its pending identifier reissued as pending/cap/justice-corrections. France treats the judiciary as a vital sector distinct from policing, and Canada's Safety sector, which covers search and rescue, public alerting and hazardous materials response, had no adequate home while the two sat in one capability.", "Banks, Insurers & Systemic Institutions was added to Financial Infrastructure, which held the rails and the venues but no home for a systemically important bank, insurer, social insurance carrier or sovereign fund. Germany designates the statutory pension, health and unemployment funds as a critical sector in their own right.", "Designation evidence behind the additions: chemicals are a designated sector in the US framework and named in the German NIS2 transposition; postal and courier services are a NIS2 sector and a designated critical sector in Brazil; higher education and research is a sector under Australia's Security of Critical Infrastructure Act 2018 and civil research infrastructure falls within the French vital-sector scope, which also designates the nuclear fuel cycle separately from generation; biosecurity and high-containment laboratories are a standalone priority area in Brazil; and early warning is measured as an estate of its own under the WMO Early Warnings for All initiative.", "Descriptions narrowed at eight capabilities to remove the clause that moved: Nuclear Generation, Transmission & Distribution, Water Supply & Treatment, Materials & Inputs, Air Infrastructure, Logistics, Multimodal & Border Infrastructure, Health Infrastructure and Education & Skills Infrastructure.", "Boundary conditions restated at Government & Public Administration and at Cultural, Community & Recreational Infrastructure, both of which cited the renamed capability.", "Order logic restated at the six capability groups that gained capabilities: Energy, Water, Sanitation & Waste, Advanced Manufacturing, Transport, Financial and Social.", "Thirty-seven indicators seeded beneath the new capabilities, taking the domain from 136 to 173 and the framework from 778 to 815. Every capability added carries indicators; the two that carried none at v0.1, AI Tools & Applications and Government & Public Administration, still carry none.", "Identifier persistence: no code was retired. Every node added carries a pending identifier. Four pending slugs changed, all of them consequences of the one rename: the capability itself and its three indicators, which follow it and the capability separated from it. No minted code was touched." ], "retired_codes": [], "reissued_identifiers": [ { "from": "pending/cap/justice-public-safety-emergency-services", "to": "pending/cap/justice-corrections", "name": "Justice, Public Safety & Emergency Services", "disposition": "Renamed Justice & Corrections and narrowed to the judicial estate. Emergency response was separated into Emergency Services & Civil Protection and the monitoring estate into Hydrometeorology & Early Warning. A pending slug rather than a minted code, so nothing minted was retired." } ], "source": "Derived from the National Infrastructure Index Strategic Infrastructure schema v1.1 (schema/strategic_infrastructure_schema_v1.1.json), together with the register pass and the twenty-nation critical infrastructure framework research behind it. Boundary conditions, order logic and version changes are not carried in that schema and are stated here." }, "description": "Strategic Infrastructure encompasses the critical systems and facilities that underpin national resilience, economic productivity and long-term security, spanning ten capability groups and sixty-two capabilities from resource extraction and food systems through energy, water and manufacturing, across the transport, digital and financial networks, to social services and space, aerospace and defence.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers civilian, dual-use and military physical assets and the systems that operate them, classified by primary function except where a specific rule overrides. Assets are attributed to the owning or operating state regardless of physical location, so satellites on orbit are included, and ownership interests are recorded as attributes to support investment-screening analysis. Purpose-built military assets are classified under Space, Aerospace & Defence regardless of function, so a naval base is not a seaport and a military hospital is not health infrastructure, while dual-use assets remain classified by their civilian function. Excluded by design: commercial facilities such as hotels, shopping centres, casinos and entertainment venues; places of worship; the private housing market; agricultural land holdings; spectrum allocations and other intangible rights; and policy instruments such as subsidies.", "order_logic": "Capability groups follow the national value chain: what the country extracts and grows (Resource; Agriculture & Food), the utilities that make activity possible (Energy; Water, Sanitation & Waste), the industry that transforms inputs into goods (Advanced Manufacturing), the three networks that move things (Transport for goods, Communications & Digital for data, Financial for money), the services that sustain the population (Social) and the systems that extend and protect the whole (Space, Aerospace & Defence). Read as one line: extract, grow, power, water, make, move, connect, transact, sustain, protect.", "version_changes": "Extended from ten capability groups and 50 capabilities in v0.1 to 62, after a register pass over roughly 20,000 scored infrastructure assets and a reading of the critical infrastructure designation instruments of twenty nations. Twelve capabilities were added, ten of them promotions lifting a subject out of a parent capability's description into an entry of its own with the clause removed from the parent, and one capability was renamed and narrowed. The ten capability groups are unchanged, as are the domain code, the seven minted capability group codes and all twenty-three minted capability codes.", "code": "factbase.org/dom/G0410PEZ08", "level": "domain", "capabilityGroups": [ { "name": "Resource Infrastructure", "description": "Resource Infrastructure encompasses the extraction, processing, refining, storage and export systems that convert raw materials, including minerals and hydrocarbons, into usable resources and move them to domestic and global markets.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers commodities from the ground to the export gate. Electricity generation from those commodities belongs to Energy Infrastructure, so an oil refinery sits here while a gas-fired power station does not; manufacture of finished goods from refined materials belongs to Advanced Manufacturing, so a copper smelter sits here while a steel rolling mill does not.", "order_logic": "Capabilities run upstream to downstream along the commodity chain: solid-mineral extraction, then hydrocarbon extraction, then processing and refining, then storage, transport and export.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 with the same identifier. The Extraction capability was split into Mining & Quarrying and Oil & Gas Extraction, mirroring the ISIC/NACE statistical division between mining and petroleum extraction, and Transport & Export was renamed Storage, Transport & Export.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/KN1SB1XE2T", "level": "capability group", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Mining & Quarrying", "description": "Mining and quarrying covers the extraction of solid minerals and materials from the earth, including open-pit and underground mines, quarries and mineral sands operations, together with on-site crushing and concentration.", "boundary_conditions": "Includes uranium mines, which sit here rather than under Nuclear Generation. Excludes oil and gas wells (Oil & Gas Extraction) and standalone smelters and refineries away from the mine site (Processing & Refining).", "version_changes": "New in v0.1, created by splitting the v0.0 Extraction capability (retired), because mining and hydrocarbon extraction are licensed, regulated and statistically reported as separate industries in virtually all jurisdictions.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "mineral production volume by commodity", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "mining output value share of GDP", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "operating mine count", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Oil & Gas Extraction", "description": "Oil and gas extraction covers upstream hydrocarbon production, including onshore and offshore fields, wells, production platforms, floating production vessels and field-level gathering and separation systems.", "boundary_conditions": "Field-level processing sits with the extraction asset; standalone gas processing plants and refineries belong to Processing & Refining, transmission pipelines and export terminals to Storage, Transport & Export, and LNG import and regasification terminals to Energy Infrastructure, under Storage & Fuel Supply.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1, created by splitting the v0.0 Extraction capability (retired) along the standard upstream industry boundary between mining and petroleum.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "crude oil production volume", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "natural gas production volume", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "proved reserves and reserve life", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Processing & Refining", "description": "Processing and refining transform raw extracted materials into refined commodities through facilities such as oil refineries, gas processing plants, smelters and mineral beneficiation plants.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers refinement of raw commodities into refined commodities, including primary metal smelting and secondary smelting of recovered scrap. Conversion of refined materials into manufactured products, including petrochemicals, fertilisers, cement and rolled steel, belongs to Advanced Manufacturing, under Materials & Inputs.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 with the same identifier; description broadened to name gas processing and the boundary with downstream manufacturing made explicit.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/DZ4GHM7M17", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "refining capacity and utilisation", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "mineral processing and smelting capacity", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "share of domestic output processed onshore", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Storage, Transport & Export", "description": "Storage, transport and export covers the systems that store and move bulk commodities to market, including transmission pipelines, slurry pipelines and conveyors, tank farms, LNG liquefaction and export terminals, and crude loading facilities.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers pipelines and dedicated hydrocarbon export and loading infrastructure, including offshore mooring points. Dry-bulk marine terminals, even single-commodity coal or iron-ore terminals, belong to Transport Infrastructure, under Seaports & Terminals, and fuel depots serving the domestic market to Energy Infrastructure, under Storage & Fuel Supply.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Transport & Export) with the same identifier; renamed to include storage and given explicit boundaries with port terminals and domestic fuel supply.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/K5G4BQ9Q1X", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "pipeline network length and throughput", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "bulk export terminal capacity", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "resource storage capacity", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Agriculture & Food Infrastructure", "description": "Agriculture & Food Infrastructure comprises the irrigation, livestock, fisheries and post-harvest systems that support food production and move food from production to market.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers dedicated agricultural and food-system infrastructure from the scheme offtake to the wholesale market. Bulk water storage belongs to Water, Sanitation & Waste, industrial food manufacture to Advanced Manufacturing, and agricultural land itself is excluded at domain level.", "order_logic": "Capabilities follow the food chain: water into production (irrigation), production on land (livestock) and on water (fisheries), then post-harvest storage and movement to market.", "version_changes": "New group in v0.1. Food is a designated critical infrastructure sector in the US framework (Food and Agriculture), UK Critical National Infrastructure (Food), the EU CER Directive (production, processing and distribution of food) and Australia's SOCI Act (food and grocery).", "code": null, "level": "capability group", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Irrigation & Agricultural Water", "description": "Irrigation and agricultural water covers the infrastructure that supplies and manages water for agricultural production, including irrigation schemes, scheme headworks, primary and secondary canals, agricultural drainage and on-scheme storage.", "boundary_conditions": "Bulk dams and reservoirs supplying irrigation belong to Water, Sanitation & Waste, under Dams, Reservoirs & Flood Defence; this capability begins at the scheme offtake. Drinking-water systems belong to Water Supply & Treatment.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1; irrigation infrastructure previously had only partial coverage within water control structures and is now separated so that agricultural water use is classified with the food system it serves.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "irrigated share of cultivated land", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "agricultural water storage per capita", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "irrigation efficiency", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Livestock & Veterinary", "description": "Livestock and veterinary infrastructure covers facilities supporting animal production and health, including abattoirs, livestock markets and saleyards, quarantine stations, dip and vaccination facilities, and veterinary laboratories and clinics.", "boundary_conditions": "Abattoirs sit here as first-stage food infrastructure, while industrial meat processing and packaging belong to Advanced Manufacturing, under Production Systems. Human health laboratories belong to Social Infrastructure, under Health Infrastructure.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1; brings livestock and veterinary facilities, previously unclassified, into scope in line with the breadth of food-sector designations, which extend to animal health and biosecurity.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "livestock inventory", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "veterinary service coverage", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "animal disease outbreak incidence", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Fisheries & Aquaculture", "description": "Fisheries and aquaculture infrastructure covers fishing harbours and landing sites, fish markets and auction halls, aquaculture farms and hatcheries, and associated ice plants and cold stores.", "boundary_conditions": "Fishing harbours sit here rather than under Seaports & Terminals, which covers commercial cargo ports. Industrial fish processing belongs to Advanced Manufacturing, under Production Systems.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1; gives fishing harbours and aquaculture a classification distinct from commercial seaports, consistent with fisheries being administered as part of the food system rather than the transport system.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "capture fisheries production", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "aquaculture production volume", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "fishing fleet capacity", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Storage, Cold Chain & Markets", "description": "Storage, cold chain and markets covers post-harvest and food-system infrastructure, including grain silos and strategic food reserves, warehouse receipt facilities, cold storage, food and grocery distribution centres and wholesale food markets.", "boundary_conditions": "Food and grocery distribution centres sit here, while general-purpose logistics parks belong to Transport Infrastructure, under Logistics, Multimodal & Border Infrastructure. Food and beverage manufacturing belongs to Advanced Manufacturing, and general community markets to Social Infrastructure, under Cultural, Community & Recreational Infrastructure.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1; covers the distribution end of the food system, with grocery distribution centres included consistent with the scope of Australia's food and grocery critical infrastructure sector.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "grain storage capacity relative to production", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "cold chain capacity per capita", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "post-harvest loss rate", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Energy Infrastructure", "description": "Energy Infrastructure comprises the thermal, nuclear, hydro and renewable generation fleet, the transmission and distribution grid, and the storage and fuel supply systems that produce, move and store energy reliably for economies and societies.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the electricity system and fuel supply to the domestic energy market, with generating assets classified by primary fuel. Upstream fuel production and export belong to Resource Infrastructure, dams to Water, Sanitation & Waste, and backup generators to their host facility rather than the generation fleet.", "order_logic": "Generation capabilities are ordered by technology family following statistical convention (thermal, nuclear, hydro, other renewables), with the fuel cycle held beside the reactors it serves, followed by delivery (transmission and distribution), the control function that dispatches it, and finally storage and fuel supply.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.1 with the same identifier and eight capabilities in place of six. Nuclear Fuel Cycle & Radioactive Waste and System Control & Dispatch were promoted out of the Nuclear Generation and Transmission & Distribution descriptions, the first because the French vital scope treats the cycle separately from generation, the second because a control centre is the point whose loss takes a grid down with nothing physical damaged.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/987GE5WB1P", "level": "capability group", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Thermal Generation", "description": "Thermal generation refers to the production of electricity from the combustion of fossil fuels, including coal-fired, gas-fired and liquid-fuelled power stations and co-generation plants.", "boundary_conditions": "Includes captive and industrial power stations, such as a mine's own plant. Biomass and geothermal plants belong to Renewable Generation despite their thermal processes, and waste-to-energy plants to Water, Sanitation & Waste, under Solid Waste & Recycling, since their primary function is waste disposal.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1, from the split of the v0.0 Generation capability (retired); the technology-family split follows IEA convention and how utilities, regulators and fleet trackers segment generation.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "installed thermal capacity", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "thermal fleet availability factor", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "average fleet age and efficiency", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Nuclear Generation", "description": "Nuclear generation covers nuclear power reactors together with research reactors.", "boundary_conditions": "Uranium mining belongs to Resource Infrastructure, under Mining & Quarrying, and conversion, enrichment, fuel fabrication, reprocessing, spent fuel stores and disposal facilities to Nuclear Fuel Cycle & Radioactive Waste.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.1 with the same identifier; narrowed to the reactors themselves, with the fuel cycle and radioactive waste promoted to Nuclear Fuel Cycle & Radioactive Waste so neither is described twice.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "installed nuclear capacity", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "reactors operating and under construction", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "nuclear share of generation", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "capacity factor", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Nuclear Fuel Cycle & Radioactive Waste", "description": "Nuclear fuel cycle and radioactive waste covers the facilities that supply and close the nuclear fuel cycle, including uranium conversion, enrichment and fuel fabrication plants, reprocessing facilities, interim spent fuel stores and geological disposal facilities.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the fuel cycle either side of the reactor: conversion, enrichment and fabrication before it, reprocessing, interim storage and geological disposal after it. Uranium mining and milling belong to Resource Infrastructure, under Mining & Quarrying, the reactors themselves to Nuclear Generation, and non-nuclear hazardous waste to Water, Sanitation & Waste, under Solid Waste & Recycling.", "version_changes": "New in v0.2, promoted out of the Nuclear Generation description with the clause removed from the parent. France's designated vital scope separates conversion, enrichment, reprocessing and waste management from power generation; while the two sat in one capability the register could hold La Hague, Tricastin and Bure only as reactors.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "enrichment capacity in separative work units", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "fuel fabrication capacity", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "spent fuel and waste in interim storage", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "share of fuel cycle steps available domestically", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Hydropower", "description": "Hydropower covers the generation of electricity from water, including conventional powerhouses, run-of-river and small hydro schemes, and pumped-storage plants.", "boundary_conditions": "The powerhouse and generating equipment sit here while the dam, reservoir and water infrastructure at the same site belong to Water, Sanitation & Waste, under Dams, Reservoirs & Flood Defence, so a multipurpose scheme yields one asset in each. Pumped storage is classified here rather than under Storage & Fuel Supply, following industry convention.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1, from the split of the v0.0 Generation capability (retired); pumped storage is assigned here following International Hydropower Association and IEA classification convention.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "installed hydropower capacity", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "hydropower generation and storage volume", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "share of technically feasible potential developed", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Renewable Generation", "description": "Renewable generation covers electricity production from renewable sources other than hydropower, including solar photovoltaic and concentrated solar plants, onshore and offshore wind farms, geothermal stations, and biomass and biogas plants.", "boundary_conditions": "Utility-scale plants and mini-grid generation are included; household and rooftop systems fall below the asset threshold. Hydropower has its own capability, and waste-to-energy belongs to Solid Waste & Recycling.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1, from the split of the v0.0 Generation capability (retired); covers non-hydro renewables as reported in standard national energy statistics.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "installed wind and solar capacity", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "renewable share of generation", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "annual capacity additions", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Transmission & Distribution", "description": "Transmission and distribution carry high-voltage electricity from generation plants over long distances and deliver it at usable voltages to consumers, through lines, substations, transformers and cross-border interconnectors.", "boundary_conditions": "Cross-border electricity interconnectors sit here rather than under border or communications infrastructure. Control centres and the real-time dispatch function belong to System Control & Dispatch. Retail energy points such as petrol stations and public EV charging belong to Storage & Fuel Supply.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.1 with the same identifier; narrowed to the network itself, with grid control centres and the dispatch function promoted to System Control & Dispatch.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/G2SY9RBZ13", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "average outage duration and frequency", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "transmission and distribution losses", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "electricity access rate", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "cross-border interconnection capacity", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "System Control & Dispatch", "description": "System control and dispatch covers the control infrastructure that operates the power system in real time, including national and regional control centres, load despatch centres, energy management and SCADA systems, and the balancing and market dispatch functions they carry.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the control function and the centres that house it, including the balancing and market dispatch carried out there. The lines, substations and interconnectors it commands belong to Transmission & Distribution, and general-purpose data centres to Communications & Digital Infrastructure, under Data Centres, Compute & Cloud.", "version_changes": "New in v0.2, promoted out of the Transmission & Distribution description with the clause removed from the parent. A control centre is the point whose loss takes a grid down with no physical asset damaged, and the German review found it had no home beyond the network it operates.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "control centres with redundant backup capability", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "system operator dispatch interval", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "share of demand under real-time observability", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Storage & Fuel Supply", "description": "Storage and fuel supply covers systems that store energy and supply fuels to the domestic energy system, including utility-scale batteries, hydrogen production and storage, LNG regasification terminals, strategic reserves, fuel depots, gas distribution networks and retail fuel and charging points.", "boundary_conditions": "Pumped storage belongs to Hydropower, and export-oriented terminals and tank farms to Resource Infrastructure, under Storage, Transport & Export; this capability serves domestic consumption, so an LNG import terminal sits here while a liquefaction export terminal does not.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Fuel and Storage) with the same identifier; renamed, scoped to domestic supply and pumped storage moved to Hydropower.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/8ZPSJXQP08", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "grid-scale storage capacity", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "petroleum stockholding in days of consumption", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "gas storage as share of annual demand", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Water, Sanitation & Waste Infrastructure", "description": "Water, Sanitation & Waste Infrastructure comprises the systems that abstract, treat, store and distribute water, manage wastewater and sanitation, control bulk water through dams and flood defences, and collect and process solid waste.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the water cycle and solid waste as public and industrial services. Hydropower generation belongs to Energy Infrastructure even where it shares a dam, irrigation schemes to Agriculture & Food Infrastructure, and bottled water and beverage plants to Advanced Manufacturing.", "order_logic": "Capabilities follow the water cycle as managed: capture and control of raw water, treatment and distribution, the bulk transfer and manufacture that supplement them where the cycle does not supply enough, collection and treatment of wastewater, and disposal and recovery of solid waste.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.1 with five capabilities in place of four. Bulk Water Transfer & Desalination was promoted out of the Water Supply & Treatment description: Gulf registers are dominated by co-generation desalination trains and China's water conservancy sector by inter-basin conveyance, and neither reads as a treatment works.", "code": null, "level": "capability group", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Dams, Reservoirs & Flood Defence", "description": "Dams, reservoirs and flood defence covers large water control and storage structures, including dams, barrages, raw-water reservoirs, levees, sea walls and urban stormwater systems.", "boundary_conditions": "All dams sit here regardless of purpose, including those with attached hydropower, whose generating stations belong to Energy Infrastructure, under Hydropower, so a multipurpose scheme yields one asset in each. Irrigation schemes and canals downstream of the bulk supply belong to Agriculture & Food Infrastructure, under Irrigation & Agricultural Water.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1; consolidates dams, flood defence and stormwater, consistent with the US framework's dedicated Dams sector. Irrigation-specific infrastructure was moved to Agriculture & Food in the same release.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "reservoir storage per capita", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "population protected by flood defences", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "dam safety inspection compliance", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Water Supply & Treatment", "description": "Water supply and treatment covers the abstraction, treatment and distribution of drinking and bulk water, including treatment works, service reservoirs, water towers, boreholes and rural water points.", "boundary_conditions": "Treated-water storage such as service reservoirs and water towers sits here, while raw-water impoundments belong to Dams, Reservoirs & Flood Defence and desalination, inter-basin transfer and major bulk pumping to Bulk Water Transfer & Desalination. Water bottling plants belong to Advanced Manufacturing.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.1 with the same identifier; narrowed to treatment and distribution, with desalination plants, bulk transmission pipelines and major pumping stations promoted to Bulk Water Transfer & Desalination.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "safely managed drinking water coverage", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "non-revenue water share", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "treatment capacity utilisation", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Bulk Water Transfer & Desalination", "description": "Bulk water transfer and desalination covers the large-scale conveyance and manufacture of water, including inter-basin transfer schemes, bulk transmission pipelines and tunnels, major pumping stations, and seawater and brackish water desalination plants including those coupled to power generation.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers water moved between basins or manufactured from the sea, up to the point it enters a treatment and distribution system, which belongs to Water Supply & Treatment. Dams and raw-water impoundments belong to Dams, Reservoirs & Flood Defence, and irrigation conveyance to Agriculture & Food Infrastructure, under Irrigation & Agricultural Water. A desalination plant coupled to power generation registers here and at its generating capability.", "version_changes": "New in v0.2, promoted out of the Water Supply & Treatment description with the clause removed from the parent. Gulf registers are dominated by co-generation desalination trains and China's water conservancy sector by inter-basin conveyance, neither of which reads as a treatment works.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "installed desalination capacity", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "inter-basin transfer volume", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "share of urban supply dependent on transfer or desalination", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Wastewater & Sanitation", "description": "Wastewater and sanitation covers the collection and treatment of wastewater and faecal sludge, including treatment plants, sewer networks, pumping stations and public sanitation facilities.", "boundary_conditions": "Combined sewers carrying both sewage and stormwater sit here, while dedicated stormwater drainage belongs to Dams, Reservoirs & Flood Defence. Sludge treatment and disposal remain here rather than under Solid Waste & Recycling.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1; mirrors the EU CER waste water sector.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "safely managed sanitation coverage", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "wastewater treated share", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "sewerage connection rate", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Solid Waste & Recycling", "description": "Solid waste and recycling covers the collection, processing and disposal of solid waste, including landfills and dumpsites, transfer stations, material recovery and recycling facilities, composting plants, hazardous waste facilities and incinerators, including waste-to-energy plants.", "boundary_conditions": "Waste-to-energy plants sit here because their primary function is waste disposal, with electricity as a by-product. Radioactive waste belongs to Nuclear Generation, and secondary smelting of recovered scrap to Resource Infrastructure, under Processing & Refining.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1; waste management is a NIS2 sector, and waste-to-energy is classified here by primary function.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "controlled waste disposal share", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "recycling rate", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "waste collection coverage", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Advanced Manufacturing", "description": "Advanced Manufacturing integrates materials, production systems, supply chains and skilled workforce innovation to enable efficient, high-quality and competitive industrial production.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the manufacture of intermediate and finished goods, including food and beverage processing. Primary commodity processing such as ore smelting and oil refining belongs to Resource Infrastructure, and aerospace and defence production to Space, Aerospace & Defence.", "order_logic": "Capabilities follow the production chain: material inputs, the chemical and hazardous process industry built on them, production itself, the connective supply-chain fabric, and the workforce and innovation base that sustains it.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.1 with the same identifier and five capabilities in place of four. Chemicals & Hazardous Process Industry was promoted out of the Materials & Inputs description, giving the US Chemical sector and the NIS2 chemicals sector a capability of their own rather than a clause, and giving upper-tier major-hazard sites a single home.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/DDQ705HE07", "level": "capability group", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Materials & Inputs", "description": "Materials and inputs covers the production of industrial materials and inputs, including cement works, industrial minerals and downstream metal products such as rolled and fabricated steel.", "boundary_conditions": "Chemical, petrochemical, fertiliser, explosives and industrial gas plants belong to Chemicals & Hazardous Process Industry. Primary metal production from ore belongs to Resource Infrastructure, under Processing & Refining; this capability begins where refined commodities are converted into industrial materials, so a cement works sits here while a copper smelter does not.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.1 with the same identifier; narrowed to cement, industrial minerals and downstream metal products, with chemicals, fertiliser, explosives and industrial gases promoted to Chemicals & Hazardous Process Industry.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/HQ0JRMVM1S", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "domestic supply share of key industrial inputs", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "materials production capacity", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "input import dependence", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Chemicals & Hazardous Process Industry", "description": "Chemicals and hazardous process industry covers the production and handling of chemicals and hazardous substances, including chemical and petrochemical plants, fertiliser plants, industrial and medical gases, industrial explosives plants, and upper-tier major-hazard establishments whose criticality arises from the dependence of other sectors upon them.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers chemical production and major-hazard sites as a class, including upper-tier Seveso and equivalent establishments. Cement, industrial minerals and downstream metal products belong to Materials & Inputs, oil refineries and gas processing plants to Resource Infrastructure, under Processing & Refining, and pharmaceutical manufacture to Production Systems.", "version_changes": "New in v0.2, promoted out of the Materials & Inputs description with the clause removed from the parent. Chemicals are a designated sector in the US framework and named in the German NIS2 transposition; France, Germany, Canada and Argentina each hold upper-tier platforms that had to be split across capabilities for want of a hazardous-process home.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "major hazard establishment count", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "chemical production capacity by product class", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "domestic supply share of critical chemical inputs", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Production Systems", "description": "Production systems covers the factories and assembly plants that produce finished goods across sectors, including automotive, electronics and semiconductor fabrication, textiles, pharmaceuticals, and food and beverage manufacturing.", "boundary_conditions": "Aerospace and defence factories belong to Space, Aerospace & Defence, under Manufacturing Facilities, and facilities serving several sectors are classified by primary output.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 with the same identifier; semiconductor fabrication named explicitly, reflecting semiconductor-focused industrial strategies such as the US CHIPS and Science Act and the EU Chips Act.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/WYXMM9TW2S", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "manufacturing capacity utilisation", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "advanced production facilities count", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "capital investment in plant and machinery", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Supply Chain & Ecosystem", "description": "Supply chain and ecosystem covers the shared industrial fabric that connects producers, including industrial parks, special economic zones, supplier clusters and manufacturing-oriented warehousing.", "boundary_conditions": "Transport-oriented hubs such as dry ports and inland container depots belong to Transport Infrastructure, under Logistics, Multimodal & Border Infrastructure, with mixed sites classified by primary function.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 with the same identifier; boundary with transport logistics hubs made explicit.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/RGEF8BNR1N", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "supplier network depth", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "industrial park and zone occupancy", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "average supplier lead times", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Workforce & Innovation", "description": "Workforce and innovation in advanced manufacturing highlights the importance of skilled labour and a culture of innovation for maintaining competitiveness in the manufacturing sector.", "boundary_conditions": "Industry-embedded training and innovation centres sit here, while general technical and vocational institutions belong to Social Infrastructure, under Education & Skills Infrastructure. This capability is largely non-physical and yields few asset records.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 with the same identifier; trailing punctuation removed from the v0.0 name and the boundary with general vocational education made explicit.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/8Y9ZZPZR01", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "manufacturing employment", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "engineering and technician density in industry", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "manufacturing R&D expenditure", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Transport Infrastructure", "description": "Transport Infrastructure includes the air, maritime, inland waterway, rail, road and multimodal systems that provide the physical and logistical foundations for the movement of people and goods across regions and global markets.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the movement of people and general goods; commodity pipelines belong to Resource Infrastructure, electricity interconnectors to Energy Infrastructure, and military airbases and naval bases to Space, Aerospace & Defence. Urban transit is included, with metro and light rail under Rail Infrastructure and bus rapid transit under Roads & Bridges.", "order_logic": "Capabilities run from international gateways (sea, then air, with the navigation service that controls the airspace above it) through domestic networks (inland waterways, rail, road) to the integration layer that connects modes and crosses borders, and close on the postal and parcel estate that carries the last mile.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.1 with the same identifier and eight capabilities in place of six. Air Navigation & Traffic Management and Postal & Parcel were promoted out of the Air Infrastructure and Logistics descriptions: area control centres are national single points of failure rather than airport equipment, and postal and courier services are a NIS2 sector and a designated critical sector in Brazil.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/D6JTQ6KC1M", "level": "capability group", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Seaports & Terminals", "description": "Seaports and terminals covers the commercial trade gateways of the maritime system, including seaports and their container, roll-on roll-off, dry-bulk, liquid-bulk and general-cargo terminals, cruise terminals, shipyards and dry docks.", "boundary_conditions": "Dry-bulk terminals sit here even when dedicated to a single commodity, such as coal or iron-ore export terminals, while dedicated hydrocarbon export and loading infrastructure belongs to Resource Infrastructure, under Storage, Transport & Export. Naval bases belong to Space, Aerospace & Defence, under Military Bases & Installations, and fishing harbours to Agriculture & Food Infrastructure, under Fisheries & Aquaculture.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Maritime Infrastructure) with the same identifier, narrowed to commercial ports and terminals; inland waterways were separated into their own capability.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/CFTZYJQQ0X", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "container port throughput", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "port call turnaround time", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "liner shipping connectivity", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Air Infrastructure", "description": "Air infrastructure encompasses airports, airfields, heliports and related facilities that enable air transport, including runways, terminals, cargo facilities and civil aviation maintenance hangars.", "boundary_conditions": "Routine civil aviation maintenance, repair and overhaul facilities at airports sit here, while air navigation services, area control centres and en-route surveillance belong to Air Navigation & Traffic Management, and spaceports, aerospace manufacturers' flight-test and integration facilities and military airbases to Space, Aerospace & Defence.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.1 with the same identifier; narrowed to the airport estate, with air navigation and traffic control promoted to Air Navigation & Traffic Management.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/J0ETT3C91N", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "airport passenger and freight throughput", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "runway and terminal capacity", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "international route connectivity", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Air Navigation & Traffic Management", "description": "Air navigation and traffic management covers the services and facilities that control aircraft in flight, including area and approach control centres, oceanic control, en-route radar and surveillance networks, navigation aids and aeronautical communication systems.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the service and the facilities that provide it, including oceanic control exercised over airspace far beyond the state's territory. Airports, runways and terminals belong to Air Infrastructure, and military air defence radar to Space, Aerospace & Defence.", "version_changes": "New in v0.2, promoted out of the Air Infrastructure description with the clause removed from the parent. The Canadian review put it plainly: area control centres and the oceanic control function are national single points of failure and sat awkwardly inside a capability defined by airports.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "area control centres in operation", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "airspace volume under positive control", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "air traffic flow delay per flight", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Inland Waterways & Ferries", "description": "Inland waterways and ferries covers river and lake transport infrastructure, including inland ports, jetties, locks, navigation channels and ferry terminals.", "boundary_conditions": "Ferry terminals sit here even on coastal routes, except where they form part of a commercial seaport, in which case they are classified with the port.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1, separated from the v0.0 maritime capability; inland waterway transport is financed, regulated and managed as a distinct network from ocean shipping.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "navigable inland waterway length", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "inland waterway freight volume", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Rail Infrastructure", "description": "Rail infrastructure covers railway lines, stations, marshalling yards, depots and signalling, including mainline, heavy-haul, metro and light rail systems.", "boundary_conditions": "Mine-to-port heavy-haul railways sit here even when privately owned by a mining company, while their port terminals follow the Seaports & Terminals rule. Inland container depots and dry ports belong to Logistics, Multimodal & Border Infrastructure.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1, from the split of the v0.0 Land/Multimodal Connectivity capability; rail is separately regulated, financed and tracked from road in all jurisdictions.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "rail network length and electrified share", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "rail freight and passenger volumes", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "high-speed rail route length", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Roads & Bridges", "description": "Roads and bridges covers the strategic road network and its major fixed assets, including highways and trunk roads, major bridges, tunnels, interchanges, toll plazas and bus rapid transit corridors.", "boundary_conditions": "The register records named structures and corridors rather than every road segment. Border posts belong to Logistics, Multimodal & Border Infrastructure.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1, from the split of the v0.0 Land/Multimodal Connectivity capability, separating the road network from rail and from the multimodal integration layer.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "paved road density", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "road condition rating", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "motorway network length", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Logistics, Multimodal & Border Infrastructure", "description": "Logistics, multimodal and border infrastructure covers the facilities that connect transport modes and cross borders, including dry ports, inland container depots, freight terminals, logistics parks, bonded warehouses and one-stop border posts.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers transport-oriented hubs; manufacturing-oriented industrial parks and special economic zones belong to Advanced Manufacturing, under Supply Chain & Ecosystem, with mixed sites classified by primary function. Postal and parcel sorting, distribution and counter infrastructure belongs to Postal & Parcel. Border posts sit here even though they house police and customs functions.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.1 with the same identifier; narrowed to the multimodal and border integration layer, with the postal and courier estate promoted to Postal & Parcel.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/0SCVCXFM01", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "logistics performance score", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "intermodal terminal capacity", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "average border crossing time", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Postal & Parcel", "description": "Postal and parcel covers the national postal and express delivery estate, including mail and parcel sorting centres, distribution depots, post office networks and the last-mile delivery systems that in many states also carry social payments and government correspondence.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the sorting, distribution and counter estate, including the last-mile network where it carries social payments and government correspondence. Freight terminals, logistics parks and bonded warehouses belong to Logistics, Multimodal & Border Infrastructure.", "version_changes": "New in v0.2, promoted out of the Logistics, Multimodal & Border Infrastructure description with the clause removed from the parent. Postal and courier services are a NIS2 sector and a designated critical sector in Brazil, where the Correios estate is the state's reach into the interior; folded into logistics it could not be counted.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "postal outlets per 100,000 population", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "parcel volume handled", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "population within reach of a delivery point", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Communications & Digital Infrastructure", "description": "Communications & Digital Infrastructure comprises the fixed, mobile, international and broadcast networks on the ground, and the data centre, compute, data and AI systems built on them, that together deliver connectivity and the storage, processing and application of data at scale.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers ground networks that deliver communications services and the compute, data and AI layer built on them. Satellites on orbit and facilities that operate spacecraft belong to Space, Aerospace & Defence; broadcast studios are content production rather than infrastructure; enterprise server rooms are recorded with their host organisation. Within the group, networks that move data are distinguished from facilities that store and process it.", "order_logic": "Capabilities ascend the stack: international connectivity, national backbone, access networks and broadcast, then the compute layer, the data layer and the intelligence layer.", "version_changes": "Merged in v0.1 from the v0.0 Communications and AI & Digital groups, carrying the Communications identifier with the AI & Digital group code retired. The merge mirrors the UK's September 2024 designation of data infrastructure as Critical National Infrastructure managed as a sub-sector of Communications, and the EU CER Directive's single digital infrastructure sector. Capabilities were resegmented along regulatory licence categories (fixed, mobile, international gateway, broadcast), and satellites moved to the space group.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/M28F098G1Q", "level": "capability group", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Subsea Cables & International Gateways", "description": "Subsea cables and international gateways covers international connectivity infrastructure, including submarine cable systems and their landing stations, cross-border terrestrial fibre links, international gateway facilities, and commercial satellite gateways and teleports.", "boundary_conditions": "Commercial teleports delivering communications services sit here, while telemetry, tracking and command stations that operate spacecraft belong to Space, Aerospace & Defence, under Ground Segment & Tracking. Cross-border electricity interconnectors belong to Energy Infrastructure.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1; international gateway is a distinct licence category in most telecommunications regimes, and submarine cable protection has become a first-order infrastructure security concern for governments and NATO.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "international submarine cable landings", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "international bandwidth per capita", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "route diversity of international connectivity", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Core & Backbone Networks", "description": "Core and backbone networks covers fixed and interconnection infrastructure, including national and metropolitan fibre routes, long-haul microwave links, exchanges, fixed access networks and internet exchange points.", "boundary_conditions": "Long-haul microwave backbone sits here, while mobile access sites and their backhaul belong to Mobile & Wireless Networks. Telephone exchange buildings sit here rather than under data centres. Internet exchange points sit here, consistent with their designation as essential digital infrastructure services under the EU CER framework.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Core Networks & Connectivity) with the same identifier, narrowed to fixed and interconnection infrastructure after mobile and international connectivity were given their own capabilities.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/JF1VKWY10T", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "fibre backbone route length", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "fibre-to-premises coverage", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "average fixed broadband speed", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Mobile & Wireless Networks", "description": "Mobile and wireless networks covers cellular and wireless access infrastructure, including towers and masts, base stations, small cells, rooftop sites and public wireless access.", "boundary_conditions": "Shared towers carrying both mobile and broadcast equipment are classified by primary licensee, with dedicated broadcast masts under Spectrum & Broadcasting. Satellite gateway earth stations belong to Subsea Cables & International Gateways.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1; the fixed and mobile split follows standard telecommunications regulatory licence categories.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "population covered by latest-generation mobile networks", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "mobile broadband subscriptions per 100 people", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "average mobile network speed", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Spectrum & Broadcasting", "description": "Spectrum and broadcasting covers terrestrial broadcast transmission and spectrum management infrastructure, including television and radio transmitter sites, digital terrestrial television networks and spectrum monitoring stations.", "boundary_conditions": "Spectrum allocations themselves are intangible and excluded at domain level; the assets recorded here are physical transmission and monitoring facilities. Studios and content production are excluded, and shared masts follow the primary-licensee rule.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Spectrum & Satellites) with the same identifier; satellites moved to Space, Aerospace & Defence, under Satellites & Orbital Systems, and broadcasting made explicit.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/ZX2K1R5K27", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "licensed spectrum assigned for mobile use", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "broadcast transmission coverage", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Data Centres, Compute & Cloud", "description": "Data centres, compute and cloud comprises the physical and virtual facilities that store, process and distribute data, including colocation and hyperscale data centres, cloud regions and edge nodes, high-performance computing centres, AI training clusters, and national cybersecurity facilities such as CERTs, security operations centres and cyber ranges.", "boundary_conditions": "Telephone exchanges belong to Core & Backbone Networks even where they host equipment racks, and edge compute nodes sit here even when located at telecommunications sites. National cybersecurity facilities sit here; the intangible services they provide are not separately registered.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Compute & Cloud Infrastructure) with the same identifier; merged with the v0.0 Data Centers & Digital Platforms capability (retired) to give data centres a single home, and national cybersecurity facilities added. Data infrastructure is designated UK Critical National Infrastructure (2024) and data storage or processing is a sector under Australia's SOCI Act.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/MJ96YCN410", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "data centre capacity in operation", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "installed high-performance compute capacity", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "domestically hosted cloud region availability", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Data Resources", "description": "Data resources refer to the large collections of data and the frameworks for managing and utilising data as strategic assets, including national datasets and registries, data governance frameworks, and national domain name infrastructure such as country-code top-level domain registries.", "boundary_conditions": "Country-code top-level domain registries and national DNS infrastructure sit here, consistent with DNS and top-level-domain services being named essential services of the EU digital infrastructure sector; internet exchange points belong to Core & Backbone Networks. The buildings housing registries and statistical agencies belong to Social Infrastructure, under Government & Public Administration.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 with the same identifier; national domain name infrastructure added, reflecting the EU CER and NIS2 treatment of DNS and top-level-domain services as essential digital infrastructure.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/ZTYV5QD91G", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "open government data availability score", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "national dataset coverage of core registers", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "AI Tools & Applications", "description": "AI tools and applications are software and systems that leverage artificial intelligence techniques to perform tasks such as analysis, prediction, automation and decision-making across domains.", "boundary_conditions": "This capability catalogues largely intangible systems; the physical facilities on which models are trained and served belong to Data Centres, Compute & Cloud.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 with the same identifier; unchanged in scope and noted as largely intangible.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/WPZ9K6JY19", "level": "capability" } ] }, { "name": "Financial Infrastructure", "description": "Financial Infrastructure comprises the currency, payment and settlement, and capital market systems that create and move money and enable transactions across the economy.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the systems and dedicated facilities of the monetary and financial system rather than the financial services industry at large; individual bank branches, insurers and fund managers are out of scope. Systems are recorded as assets in their own right, with their hosting facilities classified under Communications & Digital Infrastructure.", "order_logic": "Capabilities follow the monetary hierarchy: base money and reserves, the payment and settlement plumbing that moves it, the capital markets built on top, and finally the institutions that are themselves systemic.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.1 with four capabilities in place of three. Banks, Insurers & Systemic Institutions was added: the group held the rails and the venues but no home for a systemically important bank, insurer, social insurance carrier or sovereign fund, which Germany designates as a critical sector in its own right.", "code": null, "level": "capability group", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Currency & Reserves", "description": "Currency and reserves covers the physical infrastructure of base money, including central bank facilities, mints and banknote printing works, cash centres and vaults, and reserve storage.", "boundary_conditions": "Central bank facilities sit here; commercial bank branch networks are not registered as strategic assets. Payment processing systems belong to Payments & Settlement Systems.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1; covers the physical base-money estate that no other capability addressed.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "currency in circulation to GDP", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "cash logistics and vault capacity", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Payments & Settlement Systems", "description": "Payments and settlement systems covers the infrastructure through which money moves, including real-time gross settlement systems, national payment switches, automated clearing houses, card and instant payment schemes, and mobile-money platforms.", "boundary_conditions": "The system is the asset: a payment switch is recorded here while the data centre hosting it belongs to Communications & Digital Infrastructure, under Data Centres, Compute & Cloud. Securities settlement belongs to Markets, Exchanges & Depositories.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1; payment systems are designated financial market infrastructures under the CPMI-IOSCO Principles and fall within the EU CER financial market infrastructure sector.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "real-time payment transaction volume", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "payment system availability and uptime", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "settlement value processed to GDP", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Markets, Exchanges & Depositories", "description": "Markets, exchanges and depositories covers capital market infrastructure, including stock and commodity exchanges, central securities depositories, central counterparties and trade repositories.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers financial market infrastructures as defined by the CPMI-IOSCO Principles; the banks and brokers that use them are participants rather than infrastructure. Commodity exchanges sit here even where they trade agricultural products.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1; central securities depositories, central counterparties and trade repositories are designated financial market infrastructures under the CPMI-IOSCO Principles.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "securities settlement volume", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "central depository assets under custody", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "exchange system uptime", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Banks, Insurers & Systemic Institutions", "description": "Banks, insurers and systemic institutions covers the financial institutions themselves rather than the rails and venues they use, including systemically important banks, insurers, pension and social insurance funds, sovereign wealth and development finance institutions, and deposit guarantee bodies.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the institutions themselves, which the CPMI-IOSCO Principles treat as participants rather than infrastructure; the rails and venues they use belong to Payments & Settlement Systems and to Markets, Exchanges & Depositories, and central banks to Currency & Reserves. Ordinary branch networks and fund managers remain out of scope at group level.", "version_changes": "New in v0.2. Germany designates the social insurance carriers, the statutory pension, health and unemployment funds, as a critical sector in their own right, and the group held currency, payments and market infrastructure but no home for a systemically important bank, insurer or sovereign fund.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "designated systemically important institutions", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "banking system assets to GDP", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "concentration of deposits in the largest institutions", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Social Infrastructure", "description": "Social Infrastructure includes the health, education, housing and community, government, cultural, and justice and public safety systems that provide essential services and facilities to support societal well-being, cohesion and development.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers facilities delivering services to the population, classified by primary function, so a university teaching hospital is health infrastructure while the university itself is education. Purpose-built military facilities, including military hospitals, belong to Space, Aerospace & Defence.", "order_logic": "Capabilities follow the arc of essential services: care (health, then the protection and supply systems behind it), learning (education, then the research estate beyond it), living (housing and community), governing (public administration), gathering (culture and recreation) and protection (justice, then emergency response, then the early warning that precedes it).", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.1 with the same identifier and eleven capabilities in place of six. Public Health & Laboratories, Medical Supply & Stockpiles and Research & Scientific Facilities were promoted out of the Health and Education descriptions, and Justice, Public Safety & Emergency Services was separated into Justice & Corrections, Emergency Services & Civil Protection and Hydrometeorology & Early Warning, matching registers that designate the judiciary, first response and the monitoring estate apart.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/T9AZV6K00J", "level": "capability group", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Health Infrastructure", "description": "Health infrastructure includes the facilities, equipment and organisational structures that deliver healthcare services, including hospitals, clinics, health posts, specialist centres, emergency departments and pharmacies.", "boundary_conditions": "Teaching hospitals sit here while medical schools belong to Education & Skills Infrastructure. Public health institutes, reference and biosafety laboratories and disease surveillance belong to Public Health & Laboratories, and blood services, stockpiles and pharmaceutical distribution to Medical Supply & Stockpiles. Pharmaceutical factories belong to Advanced Manufacturing, veterinary facilities to Agriculture & Food Infrastructure, under Livestock & Veterinary, and military hospitals to Space, Aerospace & Defence.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.1 with the same identifier; narrowed to the delivery of care, with laboratories and public health institutes promoted to Public Health & Laboratories and blood, stockpiles and distribution to Medical Supply & Stockpiles.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/KDJVX49W2G", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "hospital beds per 1,000 population", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "diagnostic imaging units per million", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "primary care facility density", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Public Health & Laboratories", "description": "Public health and laboratories covers population health protection infrastructure, including national public health institutes, reference and diagnostic laboratory networks, high-containment and biosafety laboratories, disease surveillance systems and quarantine facilities.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers population health protection: the institutes, laboratory networks and surveillance systems that detect and characterise disease. Hospitals and clinics belong to Health Infrastructure, veterinary and phytosanitary laboratories to Agriculture & Food Infrastructure, under Livestock & Veterinary, and stockpiles and blood services to Medical Supply & Stockpiles.", "version_changes": "New in v0.2, promoted out of the Health Infrastructure description with the clause removed from the parent. Brazil treats biosecurity and high-containment laboratories as a standalone priority area, and a single health capability could not separate acute hospital capacity from reference and biosafety laboratories in any of the twenty registers.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "high-containment laboratories in operation", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "reference laboratory network coverage", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "laboratory testing capacity per capita", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Medical Supply & Stockpiles", "description": "Medical supply and stockpiles covers the logistics of health rather than its delivery, including blood and plasma collection and fractionation, national medical and vaccine stockpiles, cold chain for biologics, pharmaceutical distribution centres and central medical stores.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the logistics of health rather than its delivery. Pharmaceutical and vaccine factories belong to Advanced Manufacturing, under Production Systems, hospital pharmacies to Health Infrastructure, and food cold chain to Agriculture & Food Infrastructure, under Storage, Cold Chain & Markets.", "version_changes": "New in v0.2, promoted out of the Health Infrastructure description alongside Public Health & Laboratories. The Australian review could not distinguish acute hospital capacity from plasma manufacture or from national stockpiles, all three designated under one sector but built on different assets.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "blood collection per 1,000 population", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "stockpile coverage in days of demand", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "cold chain capacity for biologics", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Education & Skills Infrastructure", "description": "Education and skills infrastructure encompasses the institutions and facilities that provide education and skills development, including schools, universities and technical and vocational training centres.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the teaching and training estate. Major civil research facilities belong to Research & Scientific Facilities, so a university campus sits here while its synchrotron does not; a sector-specific home still takes precedence, and an aerospace research centre belongs to Space, Aerospace & Defence, under R&D & Testing Facilities. University teaching hospitals belong to Health Infrastructure.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.1 with the same identifier; narrowed to education and skills, with major civil research facilities promoted to Research & Scientific Facilities.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/0APGVQ520X", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "school places relative to school-age population", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "classroom condition and connectivity rate", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "tertiary campus and laboratory capacity", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Research & Scientific Facilities", "description": "Research and scientific facilities covers major civil research infrastructure operated for science rather than for industry or defence, including synchrotrons and light sources, particle and heavy-ion accelerators, fusion devices, research reactors, national supercomputing centres, astronomical observatories and polar and oceanographic research stations.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers major civil research infrastructure operated for science. Universities and their teaching estate belong to Education & Skills Infrastructure, aerospace and defence test facilities to Space, Aerospace & Defence, under R&D & Testing Facilities, and power reactors to Energy Infrastructure, under Nuclear Generation. A national supercomputing centre sits here while a commercial data centre belongs to Communications & Digital Infrastructure.", "version_changes": "New in v0.2, promoted out of the Education & Skills Infrastructure description with the clause removed from the parent. Australia designates higher education and research as a sector and France treats civil research infrastructure as vital; with R&D facilities held only under Space, Aerospace & Defence, a synchrotron or a polar station was either misclassified as defence or forced into a school.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "major research facilities in operation", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "national research infrastructure investment", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "international user access share", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Housing, Community & Social Services", "description": "Housing, community and social services infrastructure comprises public and affordable housing, community facilities and the support systems for social services that improve social welfare and quality of life.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers public and social housing programmes and community facilities, including humanitarian sites such as refugee camps where recorded; the private housing market is excluded at domain level.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 with the same identifier; humanitarian sites noted and the private-market exclusion aligned with the domain exclusions.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/B6KQQNDA1G", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "housing stock per 1,000 population", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "overcrowding rate", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "social housing share", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Government & Public Administration", "description": "Government and public administration infrastructure includes the facilities and systems through which the state governs, including parliaments and legislatures, ministries and government headquarters, provincial and local government offices, national archives and civil registration facilities, election infrastructure and the diplomatic estate.", "boundary_conditions": "Election infrastructure, including electoral commission facilities and result transmission systems, sits here. Courts belong to Justice & Corrections, police and emergency command centres to Emergency Services & Civil Protection, purpose-built military command facilities to Space, Aerospace & Defence, and government data holdings to Communications & Digital Infrastructure, under Data Resources, while the registry offices themselves sit here.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.1 with the same identifier and scope; the cross-reference to the courts restated after Justice & Corrections was separated from emergency response.", "code": null, "level": "capability" }, { "name": "Cultural, Community & Recreational Infrastructure", "description": "Cultural, community and recreational infrastructure includes museums, libraries, theatres, parks, stadiums, community centres, convention centres and public markets that support cultural life, recreation and community cohesion.", "boundary_conditions": "Government administrative buildings belong to Government & Public Administration, and courts and prisons to Justice & Corrections. Stadiums and convention centres sit here, while hotels, shopping centres and casinos are excluded at domain level as commercial facilities. Wholesale food markets belong to Agriculture & Food Infrastructure, under Storage, Cold Chain & Markets; general community markets sit here. Places of worship are excluded.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.1 with the same identifier and scope; the cross-reference to the courts restated after Justice & Corrections was separated from emergency response.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/PN3916F52M", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "museums and libraries per 100,000 population", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "sports and recreation facility density", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Justice & Corrections", "description": "Justice and corrections covers the estate through which law is administered and enforced through the courts, including supreme and constitutional courts, court complexes, prosecution services, prisons and detention facilities, and forensic science laboratories.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the administration of law: courts, prosecution, custody and forensic science. Police stations and command centres belong to Emergency Services & Civil Protection, detention at the frontier to Transport Infrastructure, under Logistics, Multimodal & Border Infrastructure, where it forms part of a border post, and military detention to Space, Aerospace & Defence.", "version_changes": "Renamed and narrowed in v0.2 from the v0.1 Justice, Public Safety & Emergency Services capability, with the pending identifier reissued to match. France treats the judiciary as a vital sector distinct from policing, and the combined capability obscured that split in every register that makes it.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "court and custodial facility capacity", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "custodial occupancy rate", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "case clearance rate", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Emergency Services & Civil Protection", "description": "Emergency services and civil protection covers first response and crisis management, including police stations and command centres, fire and rescue stations, ambulance and emergency medical stations, emergency call and dispatch centres, disaster management and emergency operations centres, search and rescue services and civil coastguard facilities.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers first response and crisis management, including police, fire, ambulance, emergency call handling and the civil coastguard. Hospital emergency departments belong to Health Infrastructure, courts and prisons to Justice & Corrections, monitoring and public alerting to Hydrometeorology & Early Warning, and military search and rescue to Space, Aerospace & Defence.", "version_changes": "New in v0.2, separated from the v0.1 Justice, Public Safety & Emergency Services capability. Canada's Safety sector, which covers search and rescue, public alerting and hazardous materials response, had no adequate home, and emergency services are designated separately from justice in both the US and UK frameworks.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "emergency service response time", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "fire and rescue station coverage", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "emergency call centre redundancy", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Hydrometeorology & Early Warning", "description": "Hydrometeorology and early warning covers the monitoring and alerting infrastructure that anticipates hazard, including weather radar networks, meteorological and hydrological observing stations, seismic and tsunami monitoring networks, volcanic observatories and public warning and alerting systems.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers observation, forecasting and alerting: the sensor networks and the systems that carry a warning to the public. Response to the hazard belongs to Emergency Services & Civil Protection, flood defences to Water, Sanitation & Waste, under Dams, Reservoirs & Flood Defence, and Earth observation satellites and their receiving stations to Space, Aerospace & Defence.", "version_changes": "New in v0.2, promoted out of the v0.1 Justice, Public Safety & Emergency Services description. The monitoring estate that anticipates a hazard is a different asset class from the services that respond to it, and the WMO Early Warnings for All initiative measures it as such.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "weather radar coverage of population", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "hydrological and seismic station density", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "population reachable by public alert within ten minutes", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Space, Aerospace & Defence Infrastructure", "description": "Space, Aerospace & Defence Infrastructure encompasses the research, manufacturing, launch, orbital and ground-segment systems of the space and aerospace sector, together with the defence estate.", "boundary_conditions": "Orbital assets are attributed to their owning or operating state regardless of location. Ground infrastructure divides by function: facilities delivering communications services belong to Communications & Digital Infrastructure, while facilities operating spacecraft sit here. Purpose-built military assets of any kind sit in this group under the sector-override rule, while dual-use civilian assets keep their civilian classification.", "order_logic": "Capabilities follow the system lifecycle: research and testing, manufacturing, launch, operation on orbit, operation on the ground, and finally the defence estate that protects, and is protected by, the rest.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Aerospace Infrastructure) with the same identifier; renamed and broadened to cover orbital systems, the ground segment and the defence estate. Space is designated critical infrastructure in the UK (2015), under the EU CER Directive and under Australia's SOCI Act (space technology), and the defence industrial base is designated in the US, UK and Australian frameworks; the defence estate extends coverage beyond civilian designation regimes by deliberate choice.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/HTRWD1F80K", "level": "capability group", "capabilities": [ { "name": "R&D & Testing Facilities", "description": "R&D and testing facilities covers laboratories and test infrastructure for aerospace and defence research and development, including wind tunnels, engine test stands, thermal-vacuum chambers, materials laboratories and defence research and test establishments.", "boundary_conditions": "Launch and flight-test ranges belong to Launch, Maintenance & Support, and general public research institutes to Social Infrastructure, under Education & Skills Infrastructure.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 with the same identifier; defence research and test establishments absorbed under the sector-override rule, and launch and flight-test ranges explicitly assigned to Launch, Maintenance & Support.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/Z63YY68Y2C", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "major test and evaluation facilities in operation", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "wind tunnel and range capacity", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Manufacturing Facilities", "description": "Manufacturing facilities covers the industrial sites that produce aerospace and defence systems, including aircraft, satellite and launcher factories, assembly, integration and test cleanrooms, specialised component plants, and weapons and munitions production facilities.", "boundary_conditions": "General factories that supply aerospace and defence among other sectors belong to Advanced Manufacturing, under Production Systems; sites are classified by primary output. Munitions storage belongs to Military Bases & Installations.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 with the same identifier; broadened to defence systems production, consistent with defence industrial base designations in the US, UK and Australian frameworks.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/V6Q9C8KB2G", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "aerospace and defence production floor space", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "shipyard and aircraft line capacity", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Launch, Maintenance & Support", "description": "Launch, maintenance and support covers spaceports, launch pads and integration facilities at the launch site, flight-test and launch ranges, tracking and range-safety systems, and support services for launch operations.", "boundary_conditions": "Flight-test and launch ranges sit here, while laboratory and component test facilities such as wind tunnels belong to R&D & Testing Facilities. Routine civil aviation maintenance belongs to Transport Infrastructure, under Air Infrastructure.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 with the same identifier; flight-test and launch ranges explicitly assigned here to resolve overlap with R&D & Testing Facilities.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/74F643FG2G", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "operational launch complexes", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "annual launch cadence supported", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "depot maintenance throughput", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Satellites & Orbital Systems", "description": "Satellites and orbital systems covers spacecraft on orbit, including communications, Earth observation, navigation and scientific satellites, constellations, hosted payloads and space station modules.", "boundary_conditions": "A national communications satellite sits here while the teleports serving it belong to Communications & Digital Infrastructure, under Subsea Cables & International Gateways. Launch vehicles are products rather than fixed assets and are excluded, and retired spacecraft are recorded by status rather than removed.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1; orbital assets were previously absent from the taxonomy. The EU's proposed Space Act extends resilience requirements to space-based assets, complementing the CER Directive's coverage of terrestrial space infrastructure, and space-sector designations in the UK and Australia encompass space systems.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "operational satellites in orbit", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "satellites by mission class", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Ground Segment & Tracking", "description": "Ground segment and tracking covers the ground infrastructure that operates spacecraft, including telemetry, tracking and command stations, mission control centres, satellite data receiving stations, space situational awareness sensors and geodetic reference networks.", "boundary_conditions": "Earth observation downlink and spacecraft operations facilities sit here, while commercial teleports delivering communications services belong to Communications & Digital Infrastructure, under Subsea Cables & International Gateways.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1; separates spacecraft-operations ground infrastructure from commercial communications teleports, following the standard industry division of space systems into space segment, ground segment and launch segment.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "ground stations operated", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "tracking network coverage", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Military Bases & Installations", "description": "Military bases and installations covers the defence estate, including army, naval and air bases, barracks, training areas, munitions and fuel depots, and radar and early-warning sites.", "boundary_conditions": "All purpose-built military assets sit here regardless of function under the sector-override rule; the defence industrial base belongs to Manufacturing Facilities and R&D & Testing Facilities within this group, and dual-use civilian assets keep their civilian classification.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1; brings the defence estate into scope under a sector-override rule, complementing the defence industrial base capabilities and deliberately extending beyond civilian critical infrastructure regimes, which typically designate defence industry rather than the military estate.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "domestic base and installation footprint", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "overseas bases and access arrangements", "description": "", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] } ] } ] }